Lojban vs Loglan comparison: Difference between revisions
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** termsets | ** termsets | ||
** Vocatives: hoi instead of doi (as in "[http://www.loglan.org/Texts/vizka-la-spat.html rano, hoi Spat. I prano.]") | ** Vocatives: hoi instead of doi (as in "[http://www.loglan.org/Texts/vizka-la-spat.html rano, hoi Spat. I prano.]") | ||
* Usage/Style | * Usage/Style | ||
** [[ELG: Raising|sumti raising]] | ** [[ELG: Raising|sumti raising]] | ||
Revision as of 12:55, 22 May 2014
For the Lojbanists interested in history: a grammatical comparison of Loglan vs. Lojban
- terminology
- prim(itive) = gismu (see also gismu != primitives)
- borrowing = fu'ivla
- complex, CPX = lujvo (hence pluja valsi)
- metaphor = tanru
- little word, LW = cmavo (hence cmalu valsi!)
- affix = rafsi
- lexeme = selma'o (in the extended sense)
- GMR (Great Morphological Revolution) = introduction of rafsi system into the language (pre-split)
- Phonetics/Orthography
- Vowels
- diphthongs are ai, ei, oi, ao (= Lojban au)
- optional diphthongs are iV, uV
- all other vowel pairs are pronounced with glides
- no equivalent of ', so no contrast like ai/a'i
- Consonants
- role of x is taken by h
- Extra letters (used only in names, borrowings):
- x, pronounced as in Lojban
- q, IPA [T] = English unvoiced "th"
- w, IPA [y] = German �, French u
- Capitalization follows the pattern standard for the European languages: used in the beginning of a sentence and for proper names. Nonstandard stress is marked by an apostrophe preceding the stressed syllable.
- Vowels
- Morphology
- basically the same at time of split
- Loglan has added a new rule: in any lujvo beginning CVCC, where CC is a permissible initial, change to CVCyC. This eliminates the need for the slinku'i test (according to TLI)
- Vocabulary
- Gismu
- formed on the same principles
- very different in detail due to different weights (much more English-y) and presence of h instead of x
- see also Borrowing from Loglan
- see also The x2 place of blanu
- Rafsi
- don't necessarily have just one of CVC, CCV, or CVV forms, but maximum is still three
- Fu'ivla
- often use h-clusters to "solve" morphological problems (e.g. athomi = x1 is an atom)
- Cmavo
- show various "sound law" changes, e.g. Loglan gu = Lojban ku (but much more general "universal" terminator), Loglan no = Lojban na, Loglan noi = Lojban nai, Loglan keks = Lojban geks, Loglan ceks = Lojban jeks.
- Gismu
- Grammar
- masses/sets
- abstraction
- modals
- tenses
- relative clauses
- Imperative
- formed by omitting the x1 argument
- mekso
- attitudinals
- negation
- termsets
- Vocatives: hoi instead of doi (as in "rano, hoi Spat. I prano.")
- Usage/Style