lo selma'o ca'irvei (selma'o Documentation): Difference between revisions
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== Purpose of this document == | == Purpose of this document == | ||
To explain each of the | To explain each of the ''selma'o'' (grammatical classes for function words); to give a detailed, readable explanation of each ''selma'o''-'s purpose, syntax, and scope. | ||
== Glossary == | == Glossary == | ||
'''bridi''': Clause. Each | '''bridi''': Clause. Each ''bridi'' represents a particular predicate relation. | ||
'''cmavo''': Structure/function word. ''cmavo'' in Lojban may begin with a consonant or a vowel, but have no consonants otherwise. They perform many purposes, including but not limited to articles, prepositions, pronouns, and numbers. Each ''cmavo'' belongs to a ''selma'o'', which defines its grammatical nature. | |||
''' | '''famyma'o''': Terminator ''cmavo''. These ''cmavo'' are rather unique to Lojban, and act to "close off" expressions started by other ''cmavo'', to maintain syntactic unambiguity. Each ''famyma'o'' is designed to close expressions from one particular ''selma'o''. ''famyma'o'' are typically omitted when they are not needed. Due to their nature, ''famyma'o'' tend to be the sole member of its ''selma'o''. | ||
'''selbri''': Predicate; roughly "verb / verb phrase". Each | '''selbri''': Predicate; roughly "verb / verb phrase". Each ''bridi'' is centered around exactly one ''selbri'', but may contain other ''bridi'' that have their own ''selbri''. The ''selbri'' defines how the ''sumti'' are related to each other. | ||
'''selma'o''': | '''selma'o''': ''cmavo'' class. All ''cmavo'' in each ''selma'o'' are grammatically interchangeable -- a ''cmavo'' can be replaced by another ''cmavo'' in the same ''selma'o'' without affecting the syntactic structure of the sentence. ''selma'o'' are each named after an archetypical member ''cmavo'', and conventionally is written in all caps, e.g. BAI. Apostrophes are "capitalized" to small h, e.g. ZAhO. Since in some cases ''cmavo'' may be grammatically interchangeable but perform significantly different functions, ''selma'o'' may be further divided into sub-''selma'o'' for convenience, denoted by numbers after the ''selma'o'' name, e.g. UI2. | ||
'''sumti''': Argument; roughly "noun / noun phrase". | '''sumti''': Argument; roughly "noun / noun phrase". ''sumti'' are the subjects and objects of the ''bridi''-clause. | ||
== BAI == | == BAI == | ||
=== Purpose === | === Purpose === | ||
Roughly equivalent to prepositions. More specifically, it adds a new place for a ''sumti'' to the current ''bridi''. | |||
Each ''cmavo'' in BAI is an abbreviation of '''fi'o X [fe'u]'''. X is unique to each BAI-''cmavo'', and is a defined ''brivla'' from the Lojban lexicon. For mnemonic purposes, each BAI-''cmavo'' resembles its parent ''brivla''. For example, '''bai''' is related to '''bapli''' ("to force/compel"), while '''ja'e''' is related to '''jalge''' ("result"). | |||
BAI-''cmavo'' can be modified by SE-''cmavo'' | |||
Revision as of 19:27, 9 May 2015
Purpose of this document
To explain each of the selma'o (grammatical classes for function words); to give a detailed, readable explanation of each selma'o-'s purpose, syntax, and scope.
Glossary
bridi: Clause. Each bridi represents a particular predicate relation.
cmavo: Structure/function word. cmavo in Lojban may begin with a consonant or a vowel, but have no consonants otherwise. They perform many purposes, including but not limited to articles, prepositions, pronouns, and numbers. Each cmavo belongs to a selma'o, which defines its grammatical nature.
famyma'o: Terminator cmavo. These cmavo are rather unique to Lojban, and act to "close off" expressions started by other cmavo, to maintain syntactic unambiguity. Each famyma'o is designed to close expressions from one particular selma'o. famyma'o are typically omitted when they are not needed. Due to their nature, famyma'o tend to be the sole member of its selma'o.
selbri: Predicate; roughly "verb / verb phrase". Each bridi is centered around exactly one selbri, but may contain other bridi that have their own selbri. The selbri defines how the sumti are related to each other.
selma'o: cmavo class. All cmavo in each selma'o are grammatically interchangeable -- a cmavo can be replaced by another cmavo in the same selma'o without affecting the syntactic structure of the sentence. selma'o are each named after an archetypical member cmavo, and conventionally is written in all caps, e.g. BAI. Apostrophes are "capitalized" to small h, e.g. ZAhO. Since in some cases cmavo may be grammatically interchangeable but perform significantly different functions, selma'o may be further divided into sub-selma'o for convenience, denoted by numbers after the selma'o name, e.g. UI2.
sumti: Argument; roughly "noun / noun phrase". sumti are the subjects and objects of the bridi-clause.
BAI
Purpose
Roughly equivalent to prepositions. More specifically, it adds a new place for a sumti to the current bridi.
Each cmavo in BAI is an abbreviation of fi'o X [fe'u]. X is unique to each BAI-cmavo, and is a defined brivla from the Lojban lexicon. For mnemonic purposes, each BAI-cmavo resembles its parent brivla. For example, bai is related to bapli ("to force/compel"), while ja'e is related to jalge ("result").
BAI-cmavo can be modified by SE-cmavo