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Gismu
Gismu can be thought of as root words. They are always exactly five letters long, taking the form of either CVCCV or CCVCV (C = consonant, V = vowel).
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||Example 1.1 : gismu forms
word | form | gloss
bajra | CVCCV | to run
stuzi | CCVCC | location ||
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In a Lojban sentence, gismu generally appear as either a predicate (bridi, something like an adjective or verb), or as an argument (sumti, something like a subject or an object). There is no single part of speech that gismu correspond to in English.
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||Example 1.2 : parts of speech
word | gloss | English part of speech
bajra | to run | transitive verb
stuzi | location | common noun ||
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Many gismu have one or more three-letter abbreviations (rafsi) for forming compound words (lujvo).
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||Example 1.3 : rafsi
word | abbreviation(s)
bajra | baj
stuzi | stu, tuz ||
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Example 1.4 forming a compound word
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||running + site = track (for running on)
baj (bajra) + stu (stuzi) = bajystu||
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lei gismu cu jicmu traji lo'i lojbo brivla .i ro da poi gismu zo'u da porsi fi lo'i 5 lo lerfu .i ro da poi lujvo zo'u da se zbasu loi rafsi be loi gismu
Definitions elsewhere: