BPFK Section: Quotations: Difference between revisions

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{{BPFK Section from tiki|BPFK Section: Quotations|19}}
* Outstanding issues (to be fix in the mega-vote, if not sooner).
* Outstanding issues (to be fix in the mega-vote, if not sooner).
** la'o does not contain anything like "The delimiting word is separated from the quoted text by pauses, and must not be found in the written text or spoken phoneme stream.", and it should.
** la'o does not contain anything like "The delimiting word is separated from the quoted text by pauses, and must not be found in the written text or spoken phoneme stream.", and it should.
 
** jbofihe , and therefore gerna, (wrongly) allows any string (even characters like ?!@#$%^&) as ZOI delimiters. We should make it clear that non-lojban characters in the delimiter are illegal.
** jbofihe , and therefore gerna, (wrongly) allows any string (even characters like ?!@#$%^&) as ZOI delimiters. We should make it clear that non-lojban characters in the delimiter are illegal.
*** That's already very clear in the CLL and elsewhere; jbofihe implements the grammar fairly badly, and the morphology ''very'' badly indeed.  However, I changed "the following word" in zoi and la'o below to "the following Lojban word"; I expect this to be without controversy. -camgusmis
*** That's already very clear in the CLL and elsewhere; jbofihe implements the grammar fairly badly, and the morphology ''very'' badly indeed.  However, I changed "the following word" in zoi and la'o below to "the following Lojban word"; I expect this to be without controversy. -camgusmis
== Proposed Definitions And Examples ==


==  Proposed Definitions And Examples ==
{{BPFK Section box open}}
 
=== cmavo: lu (LU) ===
=== Proposed Definition of ''lu'' ===
 
;'''lu''' (LU): Begin quotation. Starts a fully grammatical quotation.  Quoted text must be grammatically correct Lojban, even if it were to be presented on its own.  The terminator for "lu", which is seldom elidable, is "li'u".  See also: li'u, lo'u, le'u, zo and zoi.


** Keywords: begin quote, begin quotation, quote, start quote, start quotation.
==== Proposed Definition ====
Begin quotation. Starts a fully grammatical quotation. Quoted text must be grammatically correct Lojban, even if it were to be presented on its own.  The terminator for "lu", which is seldom elidable, is "li'u".


=== Examples of ''lu'' Usage ===
==== See also ====
* {li'u}
* {lo'u}
* {le'u}
* {zo}
* {zoi}


xu lu ko setca le stedu le xarju li'u xlali xe fanva fo le glico
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* begin quote
* begin quotation
* quote
* start quote
* start quotation


''Is "Go stick your head in a pig" a bad translation from English?''
==== Usage Examples ====


mi pu je ca na jimpe le mukti be le nu do cusku lu do kulnu xebni li'u
;xu lu ko setca le stedu le xarju li'u xlali xe fanva fo le glico: ''Is "Go stick your head in a pig" a bad translation from English?''


''I did not, and do not, know why you said "You are a culture hater".''
;mi pu je ca na jimpe le mukti be le nu do cusku lu do kulnu xebni li'u: ''I did not, and do not, know why you said "You are a culture hater".''
{{BPFK Section box close}}


=== Proposed Definition of ''li'u'' ===
{{BPFK Section box open}}
=== cmavo: li'u (LIhU) ===


;'''li'u''' (LIhU):  End quotation.  The cmavo "li'u" is the elidable terminator that ends grammatical quotations begun by "lu".  Quoted text must be grammatically correct Lojban, even if it were to be presented on its own.  It is seldom elidable except at end of text.  See also lu, lo'u, le'u, zo and zoi.
==== Proposed Definition ====
End quotation.  The cmavo "li'u" is the elidable terminator that ends grammatical quotations begun by "lu".  Quoted text must be grammatically correct Lojban, even if it were to be presented on its own.  It is seldom elidable except at end of text.


** Keywords: end quote, end quotation.
==== See also ====
* {lu}
* {lo'u}
* {le'u}
* {zo}
* {zoi}


=== Examples of ''li'u'' Usage ===
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* end quote
* end quotation
* terminator


==== Usage Examples ====
See li'u usage above.
See li'u usage above.


=== Notes ===
==== Notes ====
 
LIhU is currently seldom elidable. I believe that currently it is only elidable at the end of text. It is the belief of .xorxes., me, and possibly others that it should never be elidable. - .aionys.
LIhU is currently seldom elidable. I believe that currently it is only elidable at the end of text. It is the belief of .xorxes., me, and possibly others that it should never be elidable. - .aionys.
{{BPFK Section box close}}


=== Proposed Definition of ''lo'u'' ===
{{BPFK Section box open}}
 
=== cmavo: lo'u (LOhU) ===
;'''lo'u''' (LOhU):  Begin error quotation.  Starts a questionable or out of context quotation.  Text must be Lojban words, but needn't be grammatical.  The terminator for "lo'u" is "le'u"; it is never elidable.  All Lojban words inside a lo'u...le'u quote lose their usual grammatical function.  Sometimes, "lo'u" quoting is used when the text is grammatical, either because the user wishes just to quote the words by themselves, out of context, or so the user doesn't have to think about whether the utterance might be grammatical or not.  For grammatical purposes, "lo'u" converts all following Lojban words up to and including the nearest "le'u" to the right into a single word of the pseudo selma'o ''any-string''; this word acts as a sumti in all respects. The selma'o of "lo'u" and "le'u" are retained for "sa" matching purposes, however. In other words, "sa lo'u" destroys everything since the beginning of the last lo'u...le'u quote, replacing it with a new lo'u, and "sa le'u" destroys everything since the end of the last lo'u...le'u quote, replacing the terminating "le'u" with a new "le'u" (i.e. not changing the quote at all). lo'u...le'u quotes cannot be re-opened; to attach more information to a closed quote, use "joi" followed by another lo'u...le'u quote. To quote a lo'u...le'u quote including the le'u, use zoi.  In the case of an apparent conflict, the effects of this word (and all other words that change the grammatical effects of nearby words) should be read left to right.  See also joi, le'u, lu, li'u, sa, zo and zoi.
 
** Keywords: start error quote, start error quotation, begin error quote, begin error quotation.


===  Examples of ''lo'u'' Usage ===
==== Proposed Definition ====
Begin error quotation. Starts a questionable or out of context quotation.  Text must be Lojban words, but needn't be grammatical.  The terminator for "lo'u" is "le'u"; it is never elidable.  All Lojban words inside a lo'u...le'u quote lose their usual grammatical function.  Sometimes, "lo'u" quoting is used when the text is grammatical, either because the user wishes just to quote the words by themselves, out of context, or so the user doesn't have to think about whether the utterance might be grammatical or not.  For grammatical purposes, "lo'u" converts all following Lojban words up to and including the nearest "le'u" to the right into a single word of the pseudo selma'o ''any-string''; this word acts as a sumti in all respects. The selma'o of "lo'u" and "le'u" are retained for "sa" matching purposes, however. In other words, "sa lo'u" destroys everything since the beginning of the last lo'u...le'u quote, replacing it with a new lo'u, and "sa le'u" destroys everything since the end of the last lo'u...le'u quote, replacing the terminating "le'u" with a new "le'u" (i.e. not changing the quote at all). lo'u...le'u quotes cannot be re-opened; to attach more information to a closed quote, use "joi" followed by another lo'u...le'u quote. To quote a lo'u...le'u quote including the le'u, use zoi.  In the case of an apparent conflict, the effects of this word (and all other words that change the grammatical effects of nearby words) should be read left to right.


mi cusku lo'u li mi le'u
==== See also ====
* {joi}
* {le'u}
* {lu}
* {li'u}
* {sa}
* {zo}
* {zoi}


''I said, "The number me".''
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* start error quote
* start error quotation
* begin error quote
* begin error quotation


.oi mi pu cusku lo'u spacu le'u
==== Usage Examples ====


''Oh no, I said "fet".''
;mi cusku lo'u li mi le'u: ''I said, "The number me".''


;.oi mi pu cusku lo'u spacu le'u: ''Oh no, I said "fet".''
In this case, the user apparently mis-spelled "cpacu".  The result, "spacu", is still technically valid Lojban, and could have been quoted with zo, but is not currently an actual gismu.
In this case, the user apparently mis-spelled "cpacu".  The result, "spacu", is still technically valid Lojban, and could have been quoted with zo, but is not currently an actual gismu.


lo'u se ra'a le'u cu xamgu se pilno
;lo'u se ra'a le'u cu xamgu se pilno: ''"pertains to" is useful.''
 
''"pertains to" is useful.''
 
The following examples are intended to illustrate interactions of lo'u...le'u with other words of special grammatical effect, and hence may be pathological.
The following examples are intended to illustrate interactions of lo'u...le'u with other words of special grammatical effect, and hence may be pathological.


mi cusku lo'u co co co le'u si lo'u bo bo bo le'u
;mi cusku lo'u co co co le'u si lo'u bo bo bo le'u: ''I said "co co co", I mean, "bo bo bo".''
 
''I said "co co co", I mean, "bo bo bo".''
 
mi cusku lo'u co co co le'u .i do cusku sa lo'u bo bo bo le'u
 
''I said "co co co", you said, I mean, "bo bo bo".''
 
mu'i ma do djica lo nu casnu me'o lo'u co co co le'u bu


''Why would you want to talk about "co co co"-as-a-letter?''
;mi cusku lo'u co co co le'u .i do cusku sa lo'u bo bo bo le'u: ''I said "co co co", you said, I mean, "bo bo bo".''


zo lo'u krasi lo srera te sitna
;mu'i ma do djica lo nu casnu me'o lo'u co co co le'u bu: ''Why would you want to talk about "co co co"-as-a-letter?''


''"lo'u" begins error quotations.''
;zo lo'u krasi lo srera te sitna: ''"lo'u" begins error quotations.''


lu lo'u co da le'u zei ritli li'u cu lujvo da poi no da djuno
;lu lo'u co da le'u zei ritli li'u cu lujvo da poi no da djuno: ''"co da type-of ritli" is a lujvo meaning no-one knows what.''
{{BPFK Section box close}}


''"co da type-of ritli" is a lujvo meaning no-one knows what.''
{{BPFK Section box open}}
=== cmavo: le'u (LEhU) ===


=== Proposed Definition of ''le'u'' ===
==== Proposed Definition ====
End error quotation.  The cmavo "le'u" is the terminator for "lo'u".  It ends a quotation of questionable or out of context text.  It is never elidable.


;'''le'u''' (LEhU):  End error quotation.  The cmavo "le'u" is the terminator for "lo'u".  It ends a quotation of questionable or out of context text.  It is never elidable.  See also lu, li'u, le'u, zo and zoi.
==== See also ====
* {lu}
* {li'u}
* {le'u}
* {zo}
* {zoi}


** Keywords:  end error quote, end error quotation.
==== Proposed Keywords ====
 
* end error quote
===  Examples of ''le'u'' Usage ===
* end error quotation
* terminator


==== Usage Examples ====
See lo'u usage above.
See lo'u usage above.
{{BPFK Section box close}}


=== Proposed Definition of ''zo'' ===
{{BPFK Section box open}}
 
=== cmavo: zo (ZO) ===
;'''zo''' (ZO):  One word quotation.  Quotes the next word only.  Quotes a single Lojban word.  It does not quote entire constructs of any kind, only their first word.  For grammatical purposes, "zo" binds with the following word. The combination is considered a single word of the pseudo selma'o ''any-word'' (this word acts as a sumti in all respects) except for "sa" matching purposes, where it retains the selma'o "zo".  In the case of an apparent conflict, the effects of this word (and all other words that change the grammatical effects of nearby words) should be read left to right.  See also le'u, lo'u, lu, li'u, sa and zoi.


** Keywords: One word quotation, one word quote.
==== Proposed Definition ====
One word quotation.  Quotes the next word only.  Quotes a single Lojban word.  It does not quote entire constructs of any kind, only their first word.  For grammatical purposes, "zo" binds with the following word. The combination is considered a single word of the pseudo selma'o ''any-word'' (this word acts as a sumti in all respects) except for "sa" matching purposes, where it retains the selma'o "zo".  In the case of an apparent conflict, the effects of this word (and all other words that change the grammatical effects of nearby words) should be read left to right.


=== Examples of ''zo'' Usage ===
==== See also ====
* {le'u}
* {lo'u}
* {lu}
* {li'u}
* {sa}
* {zoi}


ua .i ki'u ma mi cusku zo cerni
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* one word quotation
* one word quote


''Oh, I see.  Why did I say "morning"?.''
==== Usage Examples ====


mi djisku zo cikre .e ba'e nai zo ckire
;ua .i ki'u ma mi cusku zo cerni: ''Oh, I see.  Why did I say "morning"?.''


''I meant to say "repair" and NOT "grateful".''
;mi djisku zo cikre .e ba'e nai zo ckire: ''I meant to say "repair" and NOT "grateful".''


The following examples are intended to illustrate interactions of zo with other words of special grammatical effect, and hence may be pathological.
The following examples are intended to illustrate interactions of zo with other words of special grammatical effect, and hence may be pathological.


mi djisku zo co .e nai .y. sa zo bo .e nai zo do
;mi djisku zo co .e nai .y. sa zo bo .e nai zo do: ''I meant to say "co" and not, umm, I mean "bo", and not "do".''
 
''I meant to say "co" and not, umm, I mean "bo", and not "do".''
 
zo zo .e zo zei .e zo zoi .e zo bu .e zo lo'u .e zo di si zo si cu vacri .y. sa zo si cu valsi
 
''"zo" and "zei" and "zoi" and "bu" and "lo'u" and "di", I mean "si" are air, umm, I mean ... "si" are words.''
 
lu klama zei zo li'u lujvo da poi no da djuno


''"klama type-of zo" is a lujvo meaning no-one knows what.''
;zo zo .e zo zei .e zo zoi .e zo bu .e zo lo'u .e zo di si zo si cu vacri .y. sa zo si cu valsi: ''"zo" and "zei" and "zoi" and "bu" and "lo'u" and "di", I mean "si" are air, umm, I mean ... "si" are words.''


===  Proposed Definition of ''zoi'' ===
;lu klama zei zo li'u lujvo da poi no da djuno: ''"klama type-of zo" is a lujvo meaning no-one knows what.''
{{BPFK Section box close}}


;'''zoi''' (ZOI): Non-Lojban quotation.  Creates a delimited non-Lojban quotation.  The result treated as single Lojban word.  "zoi" uses the following Lojban word as a delimiting word and quotes all further text until the same word is repeated.  Both instances of the delimiter word lose their usual grammatical function, as do any Lojban words that might be inside the quote.  The delimiting word is separated from the quoted text by pauses, and must not be found in the written text or spoken phoneme stream.  For grammatical purposes, "zoi" binds with both delimiter words and all the quoted text.  The combination is considered a single word of the pseudo selma'o ''any-string'' (this word acts as a sumti in all respects) except for SA matching purposes, where it retains the selma'o ZOI.  In the case of an apparent conflict, the effects of this word (and all other words that change the grammatical effects of nearby words) should be read left to right.  See also le'u, lo'u, lu, li'u, sa and zo.
{{BPFK Section box open}}
=== cmavo: zoi (ZOI) ===


** Keywords:  Non-Lojban quotation, non-Lojban quote.
==== Proposed Definition ====
Non-Lojban quotation.  Creates a delimited non-Lojban quotation.  The result treated as single Lojban word.  "zoi" uses the following Lojban word as a delimiting word and quotes all further text until the same word is repeated.  Both instances of the delimiter word lose their usual grammatical function, as do any Lojban words that might be inside the quote.  The delimiting word is separated from the quoted text by pauses, and must not be found in the written text or spoken phoneme stream.  For grammatical purposes, "zoi" binds with both delimiter words and all the quoted text.  The combination is considered a single word of the pseudo selma'o ''any-string'' (this word acts as a sumti in all respects) except for SA matching purposes, where it retains the selma'o ZOI.  In the case of an apparent conflict, the effects of this word (and all other words that change the grammatical effects of nearby words) should be read left to right.


=== Examples of ''zoi'' Usage ===
==== See also ====
* {le'u}
* {lo'u}
* {lu}
* {li'u}
* {sa}
* {zo}


mi ba'o viska le skina be me'e zoi gy. Vanilla Sky gy. gi'e no'e nelci sy.
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* non-Lojban quotation
* non-Lojban quote


''I've seen the movie named "Vanilla Sky" and didn't really like it.''
==== Usage Examples ====


.i zo porpi ka'e mapti zoi zoi fracture zoi
;mi ba'o viska le skina be me'e zoi gy. Vanilla Sky gy. gi'e no'e nelci sy.: ''I've seen the movie named "Vanilla Sky" and didn't really like it.''


''"To break" can correspond to (the non-Lojban word) "fracture".''
;.i zo porpi ka'e mapti zoi zoi fracture zoi: ''"To break" can correspond to (the non-Lojban word) "fracture".''


The following examples are intended to illustrate interactions of zoi with other words of special grammatical effect, and hence may be pathological.
The following examples are intended to illustrate interactions of zoi with other words of special grammatical effect, and hence may be pathological.


zoi si some random words si si .y. zoi sa some other words sa cu mupli
;zoi si some random words si si .y. zoi sa some other words sa cu mupli: ''"Some random words", umm, "some other words" is an example.''
 
''"Some random words", umm, "some other words" is an example.''
 
mi so'a roi na morji le cmene be me'o zoi zoi That letter that you use between a user id and a host name in an e-mail address zoi bu
 
''I can never remember the name of the letter @.''


===  Proposed Definition of ''la'o'' ===
;mi so'a roi na morji le cmene be me'o zoi zoi That letter that you use between a user id and a host name in an e-mail address zoi bu: ''I can never remember the name of the letter @.''
{{BPFK Section box close}}


;'''la'o''' (ZOI): Non-Lojban name quotation.  Creates a delimited non-Lojban name.  The resulting quote sumti is treated as a name.  The result is treated as a single word.  The cmavo "la'o" is approximately equivalent to "lo se cmene be zoi", when the zoi clause quotes a name.  "la'o" uses the following Lojban word as a delimiting word and quotes all further text until the same word is repeated.  Both delimiter words lose their usual grammatical function, as do any Lojban words that might be inside the quote.  For grammatical purposes, "la'o" binds with both delimiter words and all the quoted text.  The combination is considered a single word of the pseudo selma'o ''any-string'' (this word acts as a sumti in all respects) except for SA matching purposes, where it retains the selma'o ZOI.  In the case of an apparent conflict, the effects of this word (and all other words that change the grammatical effects of nearby words) should be read left to right.  See also le'u, lo'u, lu, li'u, sa and zo.
{{BPFK Section box open}}
=== cmavo: la'o (ZOI) ===


** Keywords: the non-Lojban named.
==== Proposed Definition ====
Non-Lojban name quotation.  Creates a delimited non-Lojban name.  The resulting quote sumti is treated as a name.  The result is treated as a single word.  The cmavo "la'o" is approximately equivalent to "lo se cmene be zoi", when the zoi clause quotes a name.  "la'o" uses the following Lojban word as a delimiting word and quotes all further text until the same word is repeated.  Both delimiter words lose their usual grammatical function, as do any Lojban words that might be inside the quote.  For grammatical purposes, "la'o" binds with both delimiter words and all the quoted text.  The combination is considered a single word of the pseudo selma'o ''any-string'' (this word acts as a sumti in all respects) except for SA matching purposes, where it retains the selma'o ZOI.  In the case of an apparent conflict, the effects of this word (and all other words that change the grammatical effects of nearby words) should be read left to right.


=== Examples of ''la'o'' Usage ===
==== See also ====
* {le'u}
* {lo'u}
* {lu}
* {li'u}
* {sa}
* {zo}


xu do nelci le cnino jvinu be la'o gy. lojban.org gy.
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* the non-Lojban named


''Do you like the new look of lojban.org?''
==== Usage Examples ====


coi la'o zoi jadenbane zoi
;xu do nelci le cnino jvinu be la'o gy. lojban.org gy.: ''Do you like the new look of lojban.org?''


''Hello jadenbane.''
;coi la'o zoi jadenbane zoi: ''Hello jadenbane.''


For more examples, see the examples of zoi usage above; la'o is grammatically equivalent to zoi.
For more examples, see the examples of zoi usage above; la'o is grammatically equivalent to zoi.
{{BPFK Section box close}}


== Notes ==
== Notes ==
 
For lots and lots of notes and discussion on what led to these definitions, see [[Magic Words|Magic Words]].


For lots and lots of notes and discussion on what led to these definitions, see [[Magic Words]].
* [http://groups.google.com/group/lojban/browse_thread/thread/4ff331a97064bd58 WTF zo can't quote zoi?]
* [http://groups.google.com/group/lojban/browse_thread/thread/4ff331a97064bd58 WTF zo can't quote zoi?]


== Impact ==
== Impact ==


* lo'u...le'u quotes, zo quotes, and zoi quotes are all single words now for purposes of si, bu and zei.  This almost certainly violates some usage, but as there was no solution to these conflicts before, anything is better.
* lo'u...le'u quotes, zo quotes, and zoi quotes are all single words now for purposes of si, bu and zei.  This almost certainly violates some usage, but as there was no solution to these conflicts before, anything is better.
{{BPFK Section poll| {POLL(pollId=>14)}Quotations Poll{POLL} }}

Revision as of 23:00, 9 February 2015

This page is imported from version 19 of the page BPFK Section: Quotations from the lojban Tiki.
  • Outstanding issues (to be fix in the mega-vote, if not sooner).
    • la'o does not contain anything like "The delimiting word is separated from the quoted text by pauses, and must not be found in the written text or spoken phoneme stream.", and it should.
    • jbofihe , and therefore gerna, (wrongly) allows any string (even characters like ?!@#$%^&) as ZOI delimiters. We should make it clear that non-lojban characters in the delimiter are illegal.
      • That's already very clear in the CLL and elsewhere; jbofihe implements the grammar fairly badly, and the morphology very badly indeed. However, I changed "the following word" in zoi and la'o below to "the following Lojban word"; I expect this to be without controversy. -camgusmis

Proposed Definitions And Examples

cmavo: lu (LU)

Proposed Definition

Begin quotation. Starts a fully grammatical quotation. Quoted text must be grammatically correct Lojban, even if it were to be presented on its own. The terminator for "lu", which is seldom elidable, is "li'u".

See also

  • {li'u}
  • {lo'u}
  • {le'u}
  • {zo}
  • {zoi}

Proposed Keywords

  • begin quote
  • begin quotation
  • quote
  • start quote
  • start quotation

Usage Examples

xu lu ko setca le stedu le xarju li'u xlali xe fanva fo le glico
Is "Go stick your head in a pig" a bad translation from English?
mi pu je ca na jimpe le mukti be le nu do cusku lu do kulnu xebni li'u
I did not, and do not, know why you said "You are a culture hater".


cmavo: li'u (LIhU)

Proposed Definition

End quotation. The cmavo "li'u" is the elidable terminator that ends grammatical quotations begun by "lu". Quoted text must be grammatically correct Lojban, even if it were to be presented on its own. It is seldom elidable except at end of text.

See also

  • {lu}
  • {lo'u}
  • {le'u}
  • {zo}
  • {zoi}

Proposed Keywords

  • end quote
  • end quotation
  • terminator

Usage Examples

See li'u usage above.

Notes

LIhU is currently seldom elidable. I believe that currently it is only elidable at the end of text. It is the belief of .xorxes., me, and possibly others that it should never be elidable. - .aionys.


cmavo: lo'u (LOhU)

Proposed Definition

Begin error quotation. Starts a questionable or out of context quotation. Text must be Lojban words, but needn't be grammatical. The terminator for "lo'u" is "le'u"; it is never elidable. All Lojban words inside a lo'u...le'u quote lose their usual grammatical function. Sometimes, "lo'u" quoting is used when the text is grammatical, either because the user wishes just to quote the words by themselves, out of context, or so the user doesn't have to think about whether the utterance might be grammatical or not. For grammatical purposes, "lo'u" converts all following Lojban words up to and including the nearest "le'u" to the right into a single word of the pseudo selma'o any-string; this word acts as a sumti in all respects. The selma'o of "lo'u" and "le'u" are retained for "sa" matching purposes, however. In other words, "sa lo'u" destroys everything since the beginning of the last lo'u...le'u quote, replacing it with a new lo'u, and "sa le'u" destroys everything since the end of the last lo'u...le'u quote, replacing the terminating "le'u" with a new "le'u" (i.e. not changing the quote at all). lo'u...le'u quotes cannot be re-opened; to attach more information to a closed quote, use "joi" followed by another lo'u...le'u quote. To quote a lo'u...le'u quote including the le'u, use zoi. In the case of an apparent conflict, the effects of this word (and all other words that change the grammatical effects of nearby words) should be read left to right.

See also

  • {joi}
  • {le'u}
  • {lu}
  • {li'u}
  • {sa}
  • {zo}
  • {zoi}

Proposed Keywords

  • start error quote
  • start error quotation
  • begin error quote
  • begin error quotation

Usage Examples

mi cusku lo'u li mi le'u
I said, "The number me".
.oi mi pu cusku lo'u spacu le'u
Oh no, I said "fet".

In this case, the user apparently mis-spelled "cpacu". The result, "spacu", is still technically valid Lojban, and could have been quoted with zo, but is not currently an actual gismu.

lo'u se ra'a le'u cu xamgu se pilno
"pertains to" is useful.

The following examples are intended to illustrate interactions of lo'u...le'u with other words of special grammatical effect, and hence may be pathological.

mi cusku lo'u co co co le'u si lo'u bo bo bo le'u
I said "co co co", I mean, "bo bo bo".
mi cusku lo'u co co co le'u .i do cusku sa lo'u bo bo bo le'u
I said "co co co", you said, I mean, "bo bo bo".
mu'i ma do djica lo nu casnu me'o lo'u co co co le'u bu
Why would you want to talk about "co co co"-as-a-letter?
zo lo'u krasi lo srera te sitna
"lo'u" begins error quotations.
lu lo'u co da le'u zei ritli li'u cu lujvo da poi no da djuno
"co da type-of ritli" is a lujvo meaning no-one knows what.


cmavo: le'u (LEhU)

Proposed Definition

End error quotation. The cmavo "le'u" is the terminator for "lo'u". It ends a quotation of questionable or out of context text. It is never elidable.

See also

  • {lu}
  • {li'u}
  • {le'u}
  • {zo}
  • {zoi}

Proposed Keywords

  • end error quote
  • end error quotation
  • terminator

Usage Examples

See lo'u usage above.


cmavo: zo (ZO)

Proposed Definition

One word quotation. Quotes the next word only. Quotes a single Lojban word. It does not quote entire constructs of any kind, only their first word. For grammatical purposes, "zo" binds with the following word. The combination is considered a single word of the pseudo selma'o any-word (this word acts as a sumti in all respects) except for "sa" matching purposes, where it retains the selma'o "zo". In the case of an apparent conflict, the effects of this word (and all other words that change the grammatical effects of nearby words) should be read left to right.

See also

  • {le'u}
  • {lo'u}
  • {lu}
  • {li'u}
  • {sa}
  • {zoi}

Proposed Keywords

  • one word quotation
  • one word quote

Usage Examples

ua .i ki'u ma mi cusku zo cerni
Oh, I see. Why did I say "morning"?.
mi djisku zo cikre .e ba'e nai zo ckire
I meant to say "repair" and NOT "grateful".

The following examples are intended to illustrate interactions of zo with other words of special grammatical effect, and hence may be pathological.

mi djisku zo co .e nai .y. sa zo bo .e nai zo do
I meant to say "co" and not, umm, I mean "bo", and not "do".
zo zo .e zo zei .e zo zoi .e zo bu .e zo lo'u .e zo di si zo si cu vacri .y. sa zo si cu valsi
"zo" and "zei" and "zoi" and "bu" and "lo'u" and "di", I mean "si" are air, umm, I mean ... "si" are words.
lu klama zei zo li'u lujvo da poi no da djuno
"klama type-of zo" is a lujvo meaning no-one knows what.


cmavo: zoi (ZOI)

Proposed Definition

Non-Lojban quotation. Creates a delimited non-Lojban quotation. The result treated as single Lojban word. "zoi" uses the following Lojban word as a delimiting word and quotes all further text until the same word is repeated. Both instances of the delimiter word lose their usual grammatical function, as do any Lojban words that might be inside the quote. The delimiting word is separated from the quoted text by pauses, and must not be found in the written text or spoken phoneme stream. For grammatical purposes, "zoi" binds with both delimiter words and all the quoted text. The combination is considered a single word of the pseudo selma'o any-string (this word acts as a sumti in all respects) except for SA matching purposes, where it retains the selma'o ZOI. In the case of an apparent conflict, the effects of this word (and all other words that change the grammatical effects of nearby words) should be read left to right.

See also

  • {le'u}
  • {lo'u}
  • {lu}
  • {li'u}
  • {sa}
  • {zo}

Proposed Keywords

  • non-Lojban quotation
  • non-Lojban quote

Usage Examples

mi ba'o viska le skina be me'e zoi gy. Vanilla Sky gy. gi'e no'e nelci sy.
I've seen the movie named "Vanilla Sky" and didn't really like it.
.i zo porpi ka'e mapti zoi zoi fracture zoi
"To break" can correspond to (the non-Lojban word) "fracture".

The following examples are intended to illustrate interactions of zoi with other words of special grammatical effect, and hence may be pathological.

zoi si some random words si si .y. zoi sa some other words sa cu mupli
"Some random words", umm, "some other words" is an example.
mi so'a roi na morji le cmene be me'o zoi zoi That letter that you use between a user id and a host name in an e-mail address zoi bu
I can never remember the name of the letter @.


cmavo: la'o (ZOI)

Proposed Definition

Non-Lojban name quotation. Creates a delimited non-Lojban name. The resulting quote sumti is treated as a name. The result is treated as a single word. The cmavo "la'o" is approximately equivalent to "lo se cmene be zoi", when the zoi clause quotes a name. "la'o" uses the following Lojban word as a delimiting word and quotes all further text until the same word is repeated. Both delimiter words lose their usual grammatical function, as do any Lojban words that might be inside the quote. For grammatical purposes, "la'o" binds with both delimiter words and all the quoted text. The combination is considered a single word of the pseudo selma'o any-string (this word acts as a sumti in all respects) except for SA matching purposes, where it retains the selma'o ZOI. In the case of an apparent conflict, the effects of this word (and all other words that change the grammatical effects of nearby words) should be read left to right.

See also

  • {le'u}
  • {lo'u}
  • {lu}
  • {li'u}
  • {sa}
  • {zo}

Proposed Keywords

  • the non-Lojban named

Usage Examples

xu do nelci le cnino jvinu be la'o gy. lojban.org gy.
Do you like the new look of lojban.org?
coi la'o zoi jadenbane zoi
Hello jadenbane.

For more examples, see the examples of zoi usage above; la'o is grammatically equivalent to zoi.


Notes

For lots and lots of notes and discussion on what led to these definitions, see Magic Words.

Impact

  • lo'u...le'u quotes, zo quotes, and zoi quotes are all single words now for purposes of si, bu and zei. This almost certainly violates some usage, but as there was no solution to these conflicts before, anything is better.


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