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::{img src="img/wiki_up/Picture 4.png" }::
A veridical bridi has truthconditions that contribute to the truthconditions of the sentence that contains the bridi. A nonveridical bridi has truthconditions that do not contribute to the truthconditions of the sentence that contains the bridi. --[[User:And Rosta|And Rosta]]


== ::la srilermornar.:: ==
''Give an example?''


The script was originally intended to be written without lifting your pen, however it was found that creating enough permutations of unbroken lines to fill Lojban's 25 letter alphabet became stupidly complex very quickly. Thus began experimentation with simple ways of looping, breaking and bending lines, producing 23 unique letters, which were gradually stripped down to 18 unique symbols, the rest completed with the diacritic flick.
Since the unmarked case is veridical, I'll exemplify nonveridicals:


::{img src="img/wiki_up/sriMainChart.PNG" }::
*A Lojban example: ''mi viska le gerku'' means "I see it (it's a dog)", where the sentence as a whole is true regardless of whether it is or isn't a dog. The information "(it's a dog)" is added in order to help the hearer identify which thing is being referred to.
*An English example: ''That dog over there has shat on the grass'' means "It (it's a dog) has shat on the grass", and is true whether or not it really is a dog. It could be a fox, for example. But it helps the hearer to identify what the speaker is referring to.


===== ::Chart of the main Lojban lerfu:: =====
--[[User:And Rosta|And Rosta]]


=== How to read srilermorna ===
''Do you really mean to say that I can look at the Eiffel Tower, state "mi viska le gerku", and yet the sentence is true? Perhaps these examples need a little tuning. --xod''


==== The Flick ====
*If ''le gerku'' refers to the Eiffel tower, then yes, that sentence would be true. But the hearer is entitled to presume that the speaker is describing the referent as a dog in order to help the hearer identify what it is that ''le gerku'' refers to. English (definite noun phrases) works this way too, I promise. --[[User:And Rosta|And Rosta]].


Srilermorna has one diacritic mark, the flick. The flick represents vocalisation in the pairs ty./dy., ky./gy., fy./vy. and py./by.. It also marries the pairs ly./ry. and ny./my., where it does not strictly represent vocalisation but simply pairs similar sounds.
Refgram 6.2:


::{img src="img/wiki_up/sriFlick.PNG" }::
;:The specific purpose of ``le'' is twofold. [[jbocre: ...|...]] Second, it also indicates that the speaker is merely describing the things he or she has in mind as markets, without being committed to the truth of that description.


===== ::Marking with the diacritic flick:: =====
[[jbocre: ...|...]]


==== Stops ====
;:Example 2.3 [[jbocre: le nanmu cu ninmu|le nanmu cu ninmu]] is not self-contradictory in Lojban, because ``le nanmu'' merely means something or other which, for my present purposes, I choose to describe as a man, whether or not it really is a man.


The denpa bu, stop or 'dot' in Lojban has two incarnations in srilermorna, a prefix version and a suffix version. In accordance with its role in spoken Lojban, the stop 'stops' the continuing line of a word. In the case of a prestop, as used in attitudinals and connectives, it begins the line with a small vertical stroke from half height above the baseline, and a poststop, used in cmene, is the same but downwards from the baseline, to half-height below, ending the line.
The examples need no tuning at all: non-veridical means non-veridical, and yes, you can look at the Eiffel Tower and call it ''le gerku''. If we are wrong, we have been wrong for the past 10 years, and the baselined grammar is wrong too.


::{img src="img/wiki_up/sriStop.PNG" }::
The proviso


===== ::Using pre- and poststops in srilermorna text:: =====
;:In all descriptions with ''le'', the listener is presumed to either know what I have in mind or else not to be concerned at present (perhaps I will give more identifying details later). In particular, I might be pointing at the supposed man or men: Example 2.3 would then be perfectly intelligible, since ''le nanmu'' merely clarifies that I am pointing at the supposed man, not at a landscape, or a nose, which happens to lie in the same direction.


In addition to these, another, very specific stop is used in transcribing proper names, the comma. The srilermorna comma looks like this:
does not annul this, because it places a constraint on speaker cooperativeness, not on whether the sentence per se is true or not. A speaker can be non-cooperative without lying.


::{img src="img/wiki_up/sriComma.PNG" }::
-- [[User:Nick Nicholas|nitcion]]


::and functions as normal, example::
''So then logically ''le broda'' just reduces to ''da''?! I think we need a new logic. -- Adam''


::{img src="img/wiki_up/sriPier.PNG" }::
*Absolutely not. ''da'' is an existentially quantified variable. ''le broda'' is specific. So it reduces not to ''da'' but to ''ko'a'', or, if you don't believe in antecedentless ko'a, then it reduces to ''le du''. --[[User:And Rosta|And Rosta]]


==== Stress Notation ====
Sorry, people (well, not ''that'' sorry); that's how Lojban works, and Loglan before it. ''le'' has been claimed to be non-veridical for the past thirty years, and veridically does indeed reduce just to ''da''. If you don't like non-veridical (i.e. pragmatic) articles, feel free to place ''le'' in your [[jbocre: Stuff to be removed from the language ndex Prohibitorum Verborum|Stuff to be removed from the language ndex Prohibitorum Verborum]], and use ''bi'u'' and ''lo'' or whatever instead. (And frankly, no, we don't really need another thirty years negotiating a new logic.) -- [[User:Nick Nicholas|nitcion]]


Irregular stress, indicated in the latin system with capital letters, is notated in srilermorna by a straight, horizontal bar which sits above the irregular syllable.
*Veridicality doesn't reduce to ''da''. For example, ''le du ku noi gerku'' doesn't reduce to ''da'' but does describe the referent veridically as a dog. Essentially, veridicality is orthogonal to the +/-specific contrast, but nonveridicality is simply pointless with nonspecifics and hence gets associated exclusively with specifics. And note that, as I showed abouve, there are workaround ways to do specifics without nonveridicality, viz. ''ko'a noi ke'a broda'' and ''le du ku noi gerku''. I think people wanting to be able to avoid nonveridicality is pretty legitimate. ([[User:And Rosta|And Rosta]])
 
::{img src="img/wiki_up/sriStressing.PNG" }::
 
=== How to write srilermorna ===
 
::{img src="img/wiki_up/sriHandwritten.PNG" }::
 
===== ::An example of handwritten srilermorna, on lined and square paper:: =====
 
Srilermorna letters tend form more cleanly when the pen is moving quite quickly.
 
When writing on lined refill, the recommended method is to use two lanes per line of text, using the blue line in the centre as the baseline.
 
==== Spacing: ====
 
Although not vital to the legibility of a text, accurate spacing is a surprisingly big part of srilermorna's overall aesthetic. Cramped letters become cluttered and messy, although not necessarily unreadable. All letters should be roughly evenly spaced, including spaces. The writer might imagine a grid in which one box fits a single letter.
 
==== Calligraphy: ====
 
As evidenced in the computerised lettering above, the script is takes its style from calligraphic strokes using a broad tipped pen. A paintbrush or brush-tipped felt pen also works well, and calligraphic writing recreates the aesthetic effect intended by the script. This form is suited to presentation of poetry, art or other artistic media.
 
===== About letter breaking: =====
 
::{img src="img/wiki_up/sriBreaking.PNG" }::
 
Optionally, the writer can 'break' a marked, looped consonant in order to write the diacritic flick without having to backtrack over their finished word. The letters cy., jy., zy., ry. gy. and dy. already involve lifting the pen from the paper so do not present an issue. It is the writer's discretion whether he or she prefers breaking or backtracking in their writing.
 
::{img src="img/wiki_up/sriBacktrack.PNG" }::
 
=== How to type srilermorna ===
 
==== Layout: ====
 
Typed srilermorna spaces itself, and lends itself equally well to center or left-side alignment, but due to the strict regular spacing, should not be justified lest the lines break.
 
==== Keyboard mapping:  ====
 
The script is implemented as a truetype font over the latin character set. Therefore it should be totally cross-platform and map directly to any western keyboard configuration. It does not have any special input method, save for the following features:
 
* Prestop and poststop: these are both typed with the period (.) key and should configure themselves while typing. a period will default to a prestop unless folowed by a space, where it will automatically convert.
* Forcing poststops: A period can be forced to a poststop in the absence of a space by following it with a grave (`). This is sometimes necessary at the end of a line or inside cmene strings.
 
* Forcing a break for by, vy and my: To type the broken version of by, vy or my, follow it with grave (`).
* Note: Using the ` grave symbol to force poststops and type broken letters does not remove the presence of the grave symbol in the text, it is merely invisible. This allows simple ascii copy-pastes to render correctly. For example:
 
::{img src="img/wiki_up/sriBavmiGrave.PNG" }::
 
* .y'y maps to both the ' key and the h key.
* Characters which aren't covered by the font (like numerals, brackets etc) usually default to some latin font, depending on the system. Exceptions to this are Q, q, W, w and grave, all of which have the same symbol, a blank space with no width, so they render as invisible.
 
* Stress bars map to capital letters, making traditional stress notation compatible.
 
srilermorna development versions:
 
[[jbocre: Lakmir.'s Orthography v1 ev1]] -
 
[[jbocre: Lakmir.'s Orthography v2 ev2]] -
 
[[jbocre: Lakmir.'s Orthography v3 ev3]]
 
Non Cursive Script

Revision as of 17:18, 4 November 2013

A veridical bridi has truthconditions that contribute to the truthconditions of the sentence that contains the bridi. A nonveridical bridi has truthconditions that do not contribute to the truthconditions of the sentence that contains the bridi. --And Rosta

Give an example?

Since the unmarked case is veridical, I'll exemplify nonveridicals:

  • A Lojban example: mi viska le gerku means "I see it (it's a dog)", where the sentence as a whole is true regardless of whether it is or isn't a dog. The information "(it's a dog)" is added in order to help the hearer identify which thing is being referred to.
  • An English example: That dog over there has shat on the grass means "It (it's a dog) has shat on the grass", and is true whether or not it really is a dog. It could be a fox, for example. But it helps the hearer to identify what the speaker is referring to.

--And Rosta

Do you really mean to say that I can look at the Eiffel Tower, state "mi viska le gerku", and yet the sentence is true? Perhaps these examples need a little tuning. --xod

  • If le gerku refers to the Eiffel tower, then yes, that sentence would be true. But the hearer is entitled to presume that the speaker is describing the referent as a dog in order to help the hearer identify what it is that le gerku refers to. English (definite noun phrases) works this way too, I promise. --And Rosta.

Refgram 6.2:

The specific purpose of ``le is twofold. ... Second, it also indicates that the speaker is merely describing the things he or she has in mind as markets, without being committed to the truth of that description.

...

Example 2.3 le nanmu cu ninmu is not self-contradictory in Lojban, because ``le nanmu merely means something or other which, for my present purposes, I choose to describe as a man, whether or not it really is a man.

The examples need no tuning at all: non-veridical means non-veridical, and yes, you can look at the Eiffel Tower and call it le gerku. If we are wrong, we have been wrong for the past 10 years, and the baselined grammar is wrong too.

The proviso

In all descriptions with le, the listener is presumed to either know what I have in mind or else not to be concerned at present (perhaps I will give more identifying details later). In particular, I might be pointing at the supposed man or men
Example 2.3 would then be perfectly intelligible, since le nanmu merely clarifies that I am pointing at the supposed man, not at a landscape, or a nose, which happens to lie in the same direction.

does not annul this, because it places a constraint on speaker cooperativeness, not on whether the sentence per se is true or not. A speaker can be non-cooperative without lying.

-- nitcion

So then logically le broda just reduces to da?! I think we need a new logic. -- Adam

  • Absolutely not. da is an existentially quantified variable. le broda is specific. So it reduces not to da but to ko'a, or, if you don't believe in antecedentless ko'a, then it reduces to le du. --And Rosta

Sorry, people (well, not that sorry); that's how Lojban works, and Loglan before it. le has been claimed to be non-veridical for the past thirty years, and veridically does indeed reduce just to da. If you don't like non-veridical (i.e. pragmatic) articles, feel free to place le in your Stuff to be removed from the language ndex Prohibitorum Verborum, and use bi'u and lo or whatever instead. (And frankly, no, we don't really need another thirty years negotiating a new logic.) -- nitcion

  • Veridicality doesn't reduce to da. For example, le du ku noi gerku doesn't reduce to da but does describe the referent veridically as a dog. Essentially, veridicality is orthogonal to the +/-specific contrast, but nonveridicality is simply pointless with nonspecifics and hence gets associated exclusively with specifics. And note that, as I showed abouve, there are workaround ways to do specifics without nonveridicality, viz. ko'a noi ke'a broda and le du ku noi gerku. I think people wanting to be able to avoid nonveridicality is pretty legitimate. (And Rosta)
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