pronunciation guide in English

Tags

Examples are either tagged with a language code or English dialect. Any example that is not tagged is considered "General American" (GA).

Tags currently used:

• (AuE) = Australian English
• (ScE) = Scottish English
• (WaE) = Welsh English
• (fra) = French

Vowels

Preferred

lojban	IPA	Name	Examples
a	[a]	Open front unrounded vowel	a in hat (WaE)
e	[ɛ]	Open-mid front unrounded vowel	e in bed
i	[i]	Close front unrounded vowel	ee in free
o	[o]	Close-mid back rounded vowel	o in go (ScE)
u	[u]	Close back rounded vowel	oo in boot
y	[ə]	Mid-central vowel	a in above

Allowed

lojban	IPA	Name	Examples
a	[ɑ]	Open back unrounded vowel	a in father
e	[e]	Close-mid front unrounded vowel	ay in play (ScE)
o	[ɔ]	Open-mid back rounded vowel	o in not (AuE)

Diphthongs

lojban	IPA	Examples
ai	aj	high, Taipei
ei	ɛj	weigh, Taipei
oi	oj	boy
au	aw	cow
ia	ja	yard
ie	jɛ	yell
ii	ji	hear ye
io	jo	yogurt
iu	ju	beauty
ua	wa	wander
ue	wɛ	well
ui	wi	weak
uo	wo	woe
uu	wu	woo
iy	jə
uy	wə	was

Consonants

Weird stuff

lojban	IPA	Examples
c	[ʃ], [ʂ]	sh in shape
j	[ʒ], [ʐ]	s in measure, j in bonjour (fra)
x	[x]	ch in loch (ScE)
'	[h]	h in hose
dj	[dʒ]	j in joke
tc	[tʃ]	ch in chat

Allowing variation

lojban	IPA	Examples
f	[f], [ɸ]	fall
l	[l], [l̩]	late
n	[n], [n̩], [ŋ̍], [ŋ̩]	nose
m	[m], [m̩]	move
r	[r], [ɹ], [ɾ], [ʀ], [r̩], [ɹ̩], [ɾ̩], [ʀ̩]	rock
v	[v], [β]	voice

Invariant

lojban	IPA	Examples
b	[b]	bottle
d	[d]	dance
g	[g]	goose
k	[k]	keen
p	[p]	powder
s	[s]	soldier
t	[t]	time
z	[z]	zinc

External Links

• Notes on IPA symbols used here.
• Alphabet
• Diphthongs