making type-4 fu'ivla: Difference between revisions
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When a word is used enough, or well-enough known, that you don't need | |||
to be told that a [[vombatu|vombatu]] is a mammal, a [[merlanu|merlanu]] a fish, or a [[santuri|santuri]] | |||
a stringed instrument, then you can drop the prefix (mabrn-, finpr-, jgitr-) | |||
and use a type 4 fu'ivla. | |||
Creating type 4 fu'ivla is more art and less procedure than type 3, because | |||
the foreign language phonology interacts not only with the Lojban phonology, | |||
but also with the rules of well-formed fu'ivla. Sometimes a foreign word | |||
refuses to be fit into the fu'ivla mold. | |||
Often, but not always, the type 4 fu'ivla for a plant or animal is the common | |||
name, while the type 3 is the word used by scientists. What is mabrnmakropode | |||
to the zoologist, to the common man is just [[kanguru|kanguru]]. But not always: | |||
a finprgado is a finprgado. | |||
To make a type 4 fu'ivla, start with the transliterated form of the foreign | |||
word, and do the following steps in no particular order until you get a well-formed fu'ivla. You can test words for kamfu'ivla with the vlatai program, which is part of the jbofi'e suite. | |||
* | * If the word ends in a consonant, drop it or add a vowel. | ||
* | * If the word begins in a vowel, drop it or add a consonant. But if the vowel is followed by a non-initial consonant pair, as in ''antimoni'', keep it. | ||
* | * If the word begins with a non-initial consonant pair, change it, prepend a vowel, insert a vowel, or exchange them. | ||
* | * If there is no consonant pair in the first five letters (not counting apostrophes), put another consonant in or drop a vowel. | ||
* | * If the word falls apart or has lujvo form because the second consonant cluster is an initial pair, exchange the two consonants or change one of them. | ||
* If the word is not a well-formed fu'ivla for any other reason, fiddle around with it. | |||
There are several short word forms that are well-formed fu'ivla forms: | |||
* VC/CV: alga. [[otpi|otpi]] was proposed for a lidless bottle. | |||
* VCCV: iglu. | |||
* CCVVCV: Many of these words denote nationalities or regions, such as tci'ile, tce'exo, kri'ibe, and bre'one, but glauka is an owl. | |||
* CCVCVCV: platesa, krotalu, spinaki | |||
* CVC/CVCV: kanguru, vombatu, zirkoni, vultura, falkone, salmone, magjaro, tinceme, kapsiku, laktuka, polgosu | |||
* CCVC/CVCV: mlongena, skalduna, mlibdena, tcimpazi | |||
* CVVC/CVCV: bauksita | |||
Here is how I formed some of these words: | |||
tcimpazi: I started with "chimpanzee", which transliterates as "tcimpanzi", but | |||
that is a slinku'i: "pa tcimpanzi" lexes as "patcimpanzi", which might mean a | |||
child who wets himself every time he complains. "cimpanzi" is no better; it's | |||
- | a lujvo meaning a wet child. "tcipanzi" is a tool-child, whatever that might be. | ||
"tcimpazi" is a well-formed fu'ivla. | |||
skalduna: The Basques call their language Euskera or Euskara, depending on | |||
dialect, and a Basque speaker (they define membership in their people by | |||
speaking the language) euskaldun. I dropped "eu" from the beginning and added | |||
"a" (the Basque definite article) to the end to get "skalduna". | |||
to get | |||
Latest revision as of 08:25, 30 June 2014
When a word is used enough, or well-enough known, that you don't need
to be told that a vombatu is a mammal, a merlanu a fish, or a santuri
a stringed instrument, then you can drop the prefix (mabrn-, finpr-, jgitr-)
and use a type 4 fu'ivla.
Creating type 4 fu'ivla is more art and less procedure than type 3, because
the foreign language phonology interacts not only with the Lojban phonology,
but also with the rules of well-formed fu'ivla. Sometimes a foreign word
refuses to be fit into the fu'ivla mold.
Often, but not always, the type 4 fu'ivla for a plant or animal is the common
name, while the type 3 is the word used by scientists. What is mabrnmakropode
to the zoologist, to the common man is just kanguru. But not always:
a finprgado is a finprgado.
To make a type 4 fu'ivla, start with the transliterated form of the foreign
word, and do the following steps in no particular order until you get a well-formed fu'ivla. You can test words for kamfu'ivla with the vlatai program, which is part of the jbofi'e suite.
- If the word ends in a consonant, drop it or add a vowel.
- If the word begins in a vowel, drop it or add a consonant. But if the vowel is followed by a non-initial consonant pair, as in antimoni, keep it.
- If the word begins with a non-initial consonant pair, change it, prepend a vowel, insert a vowel, or exchange them.
- If there is no consonant pair in the first five letters (not counting apostrophes), put another consonant in or drop a vowel.
- If the word falls apart or has lujvo form because the second consonant cluster is an initial pair, exchange the two consonants or change one of them.
- If the word is not a well-formed fu'ivla for any other reason, fiddle around with it.
There are several short word forms that are well-formed fu'ivla forms:
- VC/CV: alga. otpi was proposed for a lidless bottle.
- VCCV: iglu.
- CCVVCV: Many of these words denote nationalities or regions, such as tci'ile, tce'exo, kri'ibe, and bre'one, but glauka is an owl.
- CCVCVCV: platesa, krotalu, spinaki
- CVC/CVCV: kanguru, vombatu, zirkoni, vultura, falkone, salmone, magjaro, tinceme, kapsiku, laktuka, polgosu
- CCVC/CVCV: mlongena, skalduna, mlibdena, tcimpazi
- CVVC/CVCV: bauksita
Here is how I formed some of these words:
tcimpazi: I started with "chimpanzee", which transliterates as "tcimpanzi", but
that is a slinku'i: "pa tcimpanzi" lexes as "patcimpanzi", which might mean a
child who wets himself every time he complains. "cimpanzi" is no better; it's
a lujvo meaning a wet child. "tcipanzi" is a tool-child, whatever that might be.
"tcimpazi" is a well-formed fu'ivla.
skalduna: The Basques call their language Euskera or Euskara, depending on
dialect, and a Basque speaker (they define membership in their people by
speaking the language) euskaldun. I dropped "eu" from the beginning and added
"a" (the Basque definite article) to the end to get "skalduna".