Lojban Ideography. Japanese kanji: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "<div>started June, 1995<br> last revision July 22, 2000''</div> == Structures== ===Set, group, mass=== {| |- | girzu | group | 群 |- | gunma | jointly “mass” | 共 |- |...") |
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==Information=== | ==Information== | ||
===Language=== | |||
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===Self-moving==== | ===Self-moving=== | ||
====Abstract==== | |||
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==Physical world=== | ==Physical world== | ||
===Ontology=== | |||
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==Nature=== | ==Nature== | ||
===Cosmos=== | |||
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==Psychology== | |||
===Emotions, Affects=== | |||
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===Economics==== | ===Economics=== | ||
====Property==== | |||
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==Human Culture== | |||
===Nations, Cultures=== | |||
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==Technology== | |||
===Technological processes=== | |||
Latest revision as of 06:41, 28 March 2015
started June, 1995
last revision July 22, 2000
last revision July 22, 2000
Structures
Set, group, mass
girzu | group | 群 |
gunma | jointly “mass” | 共 |
cmima | member | 員 |
pagbu | part | 部 |
klesi | class | ? |
jbini | between | ? |
cuxna | choose | 選 |
mupli | example | 例 |
basti | replace “substitute” | 換 |
kampu | common | ? |
fadni | ordinary | 並 |
rirci | rare | 珍 |
ralju | principal | ? |
steci | specific “special” | 特 |
manfo | uniform | 均 |
vrici | miscellaneous “various” | 雑 |
cnano | norm | 準 |
bende | crew “band” | 隊 |
Chaos/order
stura | structure | ? |
ciste | system | 制 |
morna | pattern “form” | 様 |
ganzu | organize | ? |
cnici | orderly “neat” | 整 |
kalsa | chaotic | 沌 |
cunso | random “chance” | ? |
pluja | complicated “complex” | 複 |
sampu | simple | 単 |
krati | represent “proxy” | 代 |
sarxe | harmonious | ? |
vanbi | environment “ambient” | 境 |
javni | rule | 則 |
Linear order
porsi | sequence | 列 |
liste | list | ? |
fatne | reverse | 逆 |
lidne | precede “leader” | ? |
Range
korbi | edge “border, curb” | 際 |
jimte | limit | 限 |
traji | superlative “extreme” | 最 |
milxe | mild | 柔 |
bancu | beyond | ? |
Comparison
karbi | compare | 比 |
mapti | fit “match” | ? |
cimni | infinite | ? |
zasni | temporary “transient” | 仮 |
mutce | much | 多 |
barda | big “large” | 大 |
cmalu | small | 小 |
zmadu | more | ? |
mleca | less | ? |
zenba | increase “augment” | 増 |
jdika | decrease | 減 |
stodi | constant “stable” | ? |
cenba | vary | ? |
banro | grow | 伸 |
ctaru | tide | 潮 |
jmina | add “augment” | 殖 |
banzu | suffice | 充 |
dukse | excess | 超 |
claxu | without “lack” | 欠 |
dunli | equal | 等 |
simsa | similar | 似 |
drata | other | 他 |
mintu | same “identical” | 同 |
frica | differ | 違 |
dukti | opposite “contrary” | 反 |
Mathematics
cmaci | mathematics | ? |
mekso | MEX | ? |
namcu | number | 数 |
kancu | count | ? |
kanji | calculate “reckon” | 算 |
saclu | decimal | ? |
sumji | sum | ? |
vimcu | remove | 退 |
pilji | multiply “multiply” | ? |
dilcu | quotient “division” | ? |
frinu | fraction | ? |
tenfa | exponential | ? |
dugri | logarithm | ? |
fancu | function | ? |
sumti | argument | ? |
sinso | sine | ? |
tanjo | tangent | ? |
xadba | half | 半 |
judri | address | ? |
Information
Language
bangu | language | 語 |
sinxa | sign | 号 |
fanva | translate | 訳 |
cmavo | structure word | ? |
gadri | article | 詞 |
gerna | grammar | ? |
jufra | sentence “phrase” | 句 |
rafsi | affix | ? |
rimni | rhyme | 韻 |
slaka | syllable | ? |
tanru | phrase compound | ? |
valsi | word | ? |
broda | predicate var 1 | ? |
brode | predicate var 2 | ? |
brodi | predicate var 3 | ? |
brodo | predicate var 4 | ? |
brodu | predicate var 5 | ? |
cmene | name | 名 |
gismu | root word | ? |
lujvo | affix compound | ? |
lerfu | letteral | 字 |
pandi | punctuate | ? |
Information carriers
ciska | write “scribe” | 書 |
tcidu | read | 読 |
cukta | book | 本 |
xatra | letter | ? |
karni | journal | 誌 |
cartu | chart | 図 |
benji | transfer “send” | 送 |
cradi | radio | ? |
tivni | television | ? |
fonxa | telephone | ? |
skami | computer | ? |
vidni | video | ? |
kacma | camera | ? |
Message
notci | message “note” | ? |
mifra | code “cipher” | ? |
mipri | secret | 秘 |
mrilu | 郵 | |
tcita | label “tag” | 札 |
citri | history | 歴 |
lisri | story | ? |
cusku | express | 言 |
tavla | talk “palaver” | 話 |
skicu | describe | 描 |
stidi | suggest | 提 |
jarco | show | 現 |
cmoni | moan | 唸 |
frumu | frown | 顰 |
cisma | smile | ? |
pinka | comment | 注 |
Communication
casnu | discuss | 論 |
spuda | reply “respond” | 返 |
preti | question “query” | 問 |
danfu | answer | 答 |
cpedu | request | 需 |
darlu | argue | ? |
fraxu | forgive | ? |
friti | offer | ? |
kajde | warn “caution” | 諭 |
nupre | promise | ? |
pante | protest | ? |
pikci | beg “supplicate” | 頼 |
rinsa | greet | ? |
tcica | deceive “cheat, trick” | 欺 |
Cognition
mucti | immaterial | ? |
menli | mind “mental” | ? |
xanri | imaginary “unreal” | ? |
pruxi | spirit | 霊 |
sanji | conscious | ? |
pensi | think “pensive” | 思 |
prenu | person | ? |
sevzi | self | 自 |
sidbo | idea | 想 |
nabmi | problem | ? |
cilre | learn | 習 |
ctuca | teach | 教 |
ckule | school | 校 |
datni | data | ? |
djuno | know | 知 |
facki | discover “find” | ? |
fatci | fact | ? |
jdice | decide | 決 |
jetnu | true | 真 |
jitfa | false | 偽 |
jijnu | intuit | 勘 |
jimpe | understand “comprehend” | 解 |
jinvi | opine | ? |
kanxe | conjunction | ? |
krici | believe “creed” | 信 |
logji | logic | 理 |
morji | remember “memory” | 覚 |
natfe | deny | 否 |
nuzba | news | 報 |
senpi | doubt “skeptic” | 疑 |
sitna | cite | ? |
smadi | guess “surmise” | 察 |
sruma | assume | ? |
tugni | agree | ? |
vlina | alternation | ? |
vreji | record | 録 |
xusra | assert | ? |
zasti | exist | 在 |
bridi | predicate | ? |
birti | certain | 確 |
ciksi | explain | 説 |
cipra | test “proof” | 試 |
lanli | analyze | ? |
saske | science | 科 |
sucta | abstract | ? |
tadji | method | 方 |
tadni | study | 学 |
jicmu | basis | 基 |
manri | reference | ? |
mansa | satisfy | ? |
simlu | seem | ? |
smuni | meaning | 意 |
srana | pertain “concerns” | 関 |
Space
cimde | dimension | ? |
canlu | space “volume” | ? |
diklo | local | ? |
stuzi | site “position” | 所 |
Relative position
nenri | in “inner” | 内 |
bartu | out | 外 |
mlana | side “lateral” | 側 |
lamji | adjacent | 隣 |
pritu | right | 右 |
zunle | left | 左 |
crane | front | 前 |
trixe | behind | 後 |
cpana | upon | 上 |
gapru | above “up” | ? |
cnita | beneath | 下 |
dizlo | low | 低 |
galtu | high | 高 |
ragve | across | 向 |
berti | north | 北 |
snanu | south | 南 |
stici | west | 西 |
stuna | east | 東 |
darno | far | 遠 |
jibni | near | 近 |
sruri | surround | 囲 |
vasru | contain “vessel” | 含 |
kalri | open | 開 |
ganlo | closed | 閉 |
jorne | joined | ? |
kruca | intersect “cross” | 交 |
midju | middle | 中 |
sepli | apart “separate” | 別 |
Orientation
sraji | vertical “upright” | 縦 |
pinta | level “horizontal” | 横 |
salpo | slope | 坂 |
Range
tcena | stretch | ? |
kuspe | range “span” | ? |
loldi | floor | ? |
drudi | roof | ? |
Dimensions
tordu | short | 短 |
clani | long | 長 |
jarki | narrow | 狭 |
ganra | broad | 広 |
cinla | thin “lean” | 細 |
rotsu | thick “stout” | 太 |
plana | plump | 肥 |
condi | deep | 深 |
caxno | shallow | 浅 |
Forms
tarmi | shape “form” | 形 |
Point
mokca | point “moment” | ? |
jipno | tip “point” | 端 |
kojna | corner | 隅 |
Line
linji | line | 線 |
sirji | straight | 直 |
kruvi | curve | 曲 |
clupa | loop | ? |
sarlu | spiral | 螺 |
jgena | knot | 結 |
jimca | branch “limb” | 支 |
Surface
sefta | surface | 面 |
jganu | angle | ? |
plita | plane | ? |
kurfa | square | ? |
karda | card | 刺 |
cukla | round “circular” | 丸 |
djine | ring | ? |
punli | swelling | 瘤 |
kevna | cavity “cave” | 窪 |
Body
bliku | block | ? |
kubli | cube | ? |
tanbo | board | 板 |
konju | cone | 錐 |
slanu | cylinder | 筒 |
tubnu | tube | 管 |
lenjo | lens | ? |
cfine | wedge | 楔 |
Material shapes
gacri | cover | 被 |
lunbe | bare | 裸 |
derxi | heap | ? |
bolci | ball | 球 |
dirgo | drop | 滴 |
boxfo | sheet “foil” | 箔 |
karli | collar | 襟 |
cilta | thread “filament” | 糸 |
tapla | tile | 瓦 |
cinje | wrinkle | 皺 |
fenra | crack | 罅 |
foldi | field | 原 |
senta | layer “stratum” | 層 |
snuji | sandwich | ? |
panlo | slice | ? |
papri | page “paper” | 頁 |
bakfu | bundle “pack” | 束 |
skuro | groove “furrow” | ? |
bidju | bead | ? |
genxu | hook | ? |
grana | rod | 棒 |
jesni | needle | 針 |
calku | shell | 甲 |
pilka | crust “peel” | 殻 |
dasri | ribbon | 綬 |
culno | full | 満 |
kunti | empty “vacant” | 空 |
tagji | snug “tight” | ? |
kluza | loose “blouse” | ? |
trati | taut | ? |
korcu | bent “crooked, corkscrew” | 歪 |
bargu | arch | 弧 |
Time
cabna | now | 今 |
balvi | future “later” | ? |
purci | past “earlier” | ? |
temci | time | 時 |
citno | young “junior” | 若 |
clira | early | 早 |
lerci | late | 遅 |
Day
djedi | full day | 日 |
cerni | morning | 朝 |
donri | daytime | 昼 |
nicte | night | 夜 |
vanci | evening | 晩 |
murse | glimmering | 昏 |
Calendar
detri | date | ? |
jeftu | week | 週 |
masti | month | 月 |
nanca | year | 年 |
cedra | era | 世 |
citsi | season | 季 |
dunra | winter | 冬 |
vensa | spring “vernal” | 春 |
crisa | summer | 夏 |
critu | autumn | 秋 |
Clock
junla | clock | ? |
tcika | time of day | ? |
cacra | hour | ? |
mentu | minute | 分 |
snidu | second | 秒 |
Processes
pruce | process | ? |
fasnu | event “happen” | ? |
tcini | situation “state” | ? |
tarti | behave | ? |
lifri | experience “life” | ? |
bapli | force “compel” | ? |
cfari | initiate | 始 |
ranji | continue | 続 |
fanmo | end “final” | 末 |
rapli | repeat | ? |
kansa | with “accompany” | 従 |
cumki | possible “maybe” | ? |
lakne | probable “likely” | ? |
fanta | prevent | ? |
binxo | become | 成 |
canci | vanish | 消 |
farvi | develop “evolve” | 進 |
cafne | often | ? |
dikni | regular “cyclical” | ? |
vitci | irregular “intermittent” | ? |
dimna | fate “doom” | 縁 |
xaksu | use up | ? |
festi | waste | 屑 |
krefu | recur | ? |
rarna | natural | ? |
renvi | survive | ? |
rilti | rhythm | ? |
stika | adjust | ? |
suksa | sudden | 急 |
vitno | permanent “eternal” | 永 |
Causality
gasnu | do | 為 |
jalge | result | ? |
krinu | reason | 故 |
mukti | motive | 志 |
nibli | necessitate | ? |
rinka | cause | 因 |
zukte | act | ? |
krasi | source “origin” | 元 |
sarcu | necessary | 必 |
nitcu | need | 要 |
Controlling processes
jitro | control | ? |
gidva | guide | 導 |
xlura | influence “lure” | ? |
bredi | ready | ? |
denpa | wait “pause” | 待 |
sisti | cease | 止 |
dicra | interrupt “disturb, disrupt” | 遮 |
zunti | interfere “hinder” | 障 |
fliba | fail “baffle” | 損 |
frili | easy “freely” | 易 |
nandu | difficult “hard” | 難 |
vlipa | powerful | ? |
kakne | able “can” | 能 |
sutra | fast “swift” | 速 |
masno | slow | ? |
platu | plan “plot” | 企 |
prali | profit | 益 |
randa | yield “surrender” | ? |
snada | succeed “accomplish” | ? |
snuti | accidental | ? |
srera | err | 誤 |
troci | try | 努 |
Interactive activity
cuntu | affair | 事 |
lacri | rely | ? |
selfu | serve | 務 |
pleji | pay | 払 |
sidju | help “aid” | 助 |
Command
jatna | captain | 将 |
minde | command | 令 |
tinbe | obey | ? |
curmi | let “permit” | 許 |
fuzme | responsible | ? |
sfasa | punish “spank, castigate” | 罰 |
Conflict
fapro | oppose | ? |
damba | fight “combat” | 闘 |
jinga | win “gain” | 勝 |
nutli | neutral | ? |
panpi | peace | 和 |
jivna | compete “rival” | 競 |
bradi | enemy “adversary” | 敵 |
venfu | revenge “avenge” | 讐 |
Movement
farna | direction | ? |
penmi | meet | 逢 |
Self-moving
Abstract
klama | come | 行 |
litru | travel | 旅 |
cliva | leave | 残 |
xruti | return | 帰 |
pluta | route | 路 |
stali | remain “stay” | 留 |
Active movement
bajra | run | 走 |
cadzu | walk | 歩 |
cpare | climb | 登 |
stapa | step | 踏 |
plipe | leap | 跳 |
vofli | flight “fly” | 飛 |
limna | swim | 泳 |
sfubu | dive “swoop” | 潜 |
carna | turn | 回 |
jersi | chase “pursue” | 追 |
rivbi | avoid “evade” | 避 |
pagre | pass through | 越 |
sakli | slide “slip” | 滑 |
spoja | explode | 爆 |
porpi | break | 割 |
preja | spread | 敷 |
bikla | whip “beat, lash” | 鞭 |
gunro | roll “trundle” | 転 |
Equilibrium
zvati | at | ? |
lanxe | balance | ? |
cando | idle | 怠 |
vreta | reclining “rest” | 凭 |
sarji | support | ? |
fulta | float | 浮 |
dandu | hang “dangle, suspend” | 架 |
jinru | immerse | ? |
zutse | sit | 座 |
sanli | stand | 立 |
Passive motion
farlu | fall | 降 |
torni | twist “torsion” | 捻 |
slilu | oscillate | 振 |
flecu | flow “flush” | 流 |
jetce | jet | 噴 |
Manipulating objects
galfi | modify “alter” | ? |
sisku | seek | 探 |
jmaji | gather | 集 |
sabji | provide “supply” | 備 |
fatri | distribute | 配 |
fendi | divide | 離 |
Move
simxu | mutual | 互 |
muvdu | move | 動 |
ralte | retain | 保 |
jgari | grasp “grip” | 握 |
bevri | carry “bear” | 担 |
renro | throw | 投 |
cecla | launcher | ? |
punji | put | 置 |
lafti | lift | ? |
setca | insert | 挟 |
catke | shove | ? |
rinju | restrain | ? |
danre | pressure | 圧 |
desku | shake | ? |
janli | collide | ? |
tunlo | swallow | 呑 |
daspo | destroy “despoil” | 破 |
kavbu | capture “catch” | 捕 |
lacpu | pull | 引 |
Surface
cinba | kiss “buss” | ? |
pencu | touch | 触 |
darxi | hit | 打 |
batci | bite | 噛 |
sraku | scratch | 掻 |
guska | scrape | 擦 |
polje | fold | 折 |
prina | 刷 | |
barna | mark | 印 |
spali | polish | 磨 |
mosra | friction “rub” | 摩 |
tikpa | kick | 蹴 |
Volume
satre | stroke | 撫 |
zalvi | grind “pulverize” | 研 |
katna | cut | 切 |
kakpa | dig | 掘 |
plixa | plow | 耕 |
marxa | mash | 潰 |
tisna | fill “stuff” | 詰 |
Fluids
sputu | spit | ? |
jicla | stir | ? |
cokcu | soak up | ? |
rinci | drain | ? |
sakci | suck | 吸 |
Physical world
Ontology
dacti | object “thing” | 物 |
spisa | piece | ? |
ckini | related “akin, kin” | ? |
tcila | detail | ? |
ckaji | quality | 質 |
jinzi | innate | ? |
panra | parallel | ? |
Basic notions
ratni | atom | ? |
kantu | quantum | ? |
selci | cell | 胞 |
nejni | energy | ? |
dirce | radiate | ? |
boxna | wave | 波 |
maksi | magnet | 磁 |
dikca | electric “charge” | 電 |
Physical properties
jdari | firm “hard” | 固 |
tsali | strong | 強 |
ruble | weak “feeble” | 弱 |
tinsa | stiff | 硬 |
ranti | soft | 軟 |
ralci | delicate “fragile” | ? |
pruni | elastic “springy” | 嫋 |
junta | weight | 量 |
linto | lightweight | 軽 |
tilju | heavy “weighty” | 重 |
glare | hot “warm” | 熱 |
lenku | cold “cool” | 寒 |
cilmo | moist | 湿 |
sudga | dry | 乾 |
denmi | dense | 濃 |
viknu | viscous “thick” | 稠 |
snipa | sticky | 粘 |
kinli | sharp “keen” | 鋭 |
klina | clear | 鮮 |
minra | reflect “mirror” | 鏡 |
tengu | texture | 肌 |
xutla | smooth | ? |
rufsu | rough | 粗 |
Measures
merli | measure | ? |
ckilu | scale | ? |
gradu | unit “degree, grad” | 度 |
klani | quantity | ? |
parbi | ratio “rate” | 率 |
satci | exact “precise” | ? |
Metric
mitre | meter | ? |
radno | radian | ? |
stero | steradian | ? |
litce | liter | ? |
grake | gram | ? |
molro | mole | ? |
kelvo | kelvin | ? |
xampo | ampere | ? |
delno | candela “candle-power” | ? |
Non-metric
gutci | cubit “foot” | 尺 |
minli | mile | 里 |
kramu | acre | 畝 |
bunda | pound | 斤 |
dekpu | gallon “peck” | 斗 |
Exponents of 10
dekto | 10 metric “deka” | 十 |
xecto | 100 metric “hecto” | 百 |
kilto | 1000 metric “kilo” | 万 |
megdo | 1E6 metric “mega” | 億 |
gigdo | 1E9 metric “giga” | 兆 |
terto | 1E12 metric “tera” | 京 |
petso | 1E15 metric “peta” | 垓 |
xexso | 1E18 metric “exa” | 杼 |
zetro | 1E21 “zetta” | 穣 |
gotro | 1E24 “yotta” | 溝 |
decti | .1 metric “deci” | ? |
centi | .01 metric “centi” | 釐 |
milti | .001 metric “milli” | 毫 |
mikri | 1E-6 metric “micro” | 絲 |
nanvi | 1E-9 metric “nano” | 忽 |
picti | 1E-12 metric “pico” | 微 |
femti | 1E-15 metric “femto” | 纎 |
xatsi | 1E-18 metric “atto” | 沙 |
zepti | 1E-21 “zepto” | 塵 |
gocti | 1E-24 “yocto” | 埃 |
Substances
marji | material “matter” | ? |
fagri | fire | 火 |
lindi | lightning | ? |
Aggregate state
sligu | solid | ? |
panje | sponge | ? |
pulce | dust “pulverized” | ? |
purmo | powder | 粉 |
pesxu | paste | 糊 |
jduli | jelly | ? |
litki | liquid | 液 |
lakse | wax | 蝋 |
fonmo | foam | 泡 |
gapci | gas | 気 |
danmo | smoke | 煙 |
Phase transitions
runme | melt “runny” | 鎔 |
dunja | freeze “jell” | 凍 |
runta | dissolve | 溶 |
lunsa | condense | ? |
febvi | boil | 沸 |
jelca | burn | 燃 |
Chemical categories
xukmi | chemical | ? |
jilka | alkali | ? |
slami | acid | 酸 |
jinme | metal | ? |
jinsa | clean | 清 |
mixre | mixture | ? |
Chemical elements
cidro | hydrogen | ? |
kijno | oxygen | ? |
trano | nitrogen | ? |
tabno | carbon | 炭 |
sliri | sulfur | 硫 |
kliru | chlorine | ? |
navni | neon | ? |
sodna | sodium | ? |
margu | mercury | ? |
rijno | silver “argent” | 銀 |
solji | gold | 金 |
tunka | copper | 銅 |
nikle | nickel | ? |
tinci | tin | 錫 |
zinki | zinc | ? |
tirse | iron | 鉄 |
cnisa | lead | 鉛 |
romge | chrome | ? |
Nature
Cosmos
munje | universe | ? |
tarci | star | 星 |
plini | planet | ? |
mluni | satellite “moon” | ? |
kensa | outer space | 宙 |
solri | solar | 陽 |
terdi | earth “terrestrial” | 地 |
lunra | lunar | 陰 |
Earth
tumla | land | 陸 |
cmana | mountain | 山 |
Hydrosphere
djacu | water “aqua-” | 水 |
xamsi | sea | 海 |
zbani | bay | 湾 |
daplu | island | 島 |
jmifa | shoal “reef” | 礁 |
rirxe | river | 河 |
jinto | well | 泉 |
lalxu | lake “lagoon” | 湖 |
Atmosphere
tsani | sky | 天 |
vacri | air | ? |
tcima | weather “climate” | ? |
brife | breeze | 風 |
dilnu | cloud | 雲 |
bumru | fog | 霧 |
carvi | rain | 雨 |
snime | snow | 雪 |
bisli | ice | 氷 |
bratu | hail | 霰 |
Minerals
kunra | mineral “mined” | 鉱 |
rokci | rock | 石 |
krili | crystal | 晶 |
jemna | gem | 珠 |
kliti | clay | ? |
canre | sand | 砂 |
bakri | chalk | ? |
silna | salt | 塩 |
kolme | coal | ? |
ctile | petroleum “oil” | 油 |
tarla | tar | ? |
dertu | dirt | 垢 |
Life
jutsi | species | 属 |
jmive | live | 生 |
morsi | dead “mort-” | 死 |
catra | kill “slaughter” | 殺 |
makcu | mature | 熟 |
xadni | body | 体 |
panzi | offspring | 仔 |
jgina | gene | ? |
lanbi | protein “albumin” | 蛋 |
cecmu | community | ? |
fusra | rotten “rot” | 腐 |
ferti | fertile | 沃 |
jurme | germ | 菌 |
vidru | virus | ? |
Plants
spati | plant | 植 |
tricu | tree | 木 |
ckunu | conifer “cone” | ? |
srasu | grass | 草 |
clika | mossy | 苔 |
mledi | mold | 黴 |
Body parts
genja | root | 根 |
balji | bulb “bulge” | ? |
stani | stalk | 茎 |
pezli | leaf | 葉 |
xrula | flower | 花 |
grute | fruit | 果 |
tsiju | seed | 種 |
narge | nut | 実 |
jbari | berry | ? |
dembi | bean | 豆 |
gurni | grain | 粒 |
stagi | vegetable “stalky” | 菜 |
Flowers
rozgu | rose | 薔 |
tujli | tulip | ? |
latna | lotus | 蓮 |
Fruits
badna | banana | 芭 |
nimre | citrus “lime” | 橘 |
plise | apple | 檎 |
perli | pear | 梨 |
guzme | melon | 瓜 |
figre | fig | ? |
Vegetables
kobli | cabbage “cole-” | ? |
tamca | tomato | ? |
sluni | onion | 葱 |
sunga | garlic | 蒜 |
patlu | potato | 芋 |
samcu | cassava “yam” | ? |
Grain
bavmi | barley | ? |
cunmi | millet | 粟 |
mavji | oats | ? |
maxri | wheat | 麦 |
mraji | rye | ? |
sobde | soya | ? |
sorgu | sorghum | 黍 |
xruba | buckwheat “rhubarb” | ? |
zumri | maize | ? |
rismi | rice | 米 |
Other particular plants
cindu | oak | 樫 |
tanko | tobacco | 莨 |
marna | hemp “marijuana” | 麻 |
Animals
danlu | animal | 獣 |
cilce | wild | 荒 |
Classes of animals
curnu | worm | ? |
cinki | insect | 虫 |
finpe | fish “fin” | 魚 |
banfi | amphibian | ? |
respa | reptile | 爬 |
cipni | bird | 鳥 |
mabru | mammal | 哺 |
Particular animals
jukni | spider “arachnid” | 蜘 |
jalra | cockroach | ? |
sfani | fly | 蝿 |
toldi | butterfly | 蝶 |
manti | ant | 蟻 |
bifce | bee | 蜂 |
civla | louse | 虱 |
since | snake | 蛇 |
jipci | chicken | 鶏 |
xruki | turkey | ? |
datka | duck | 鴨 |
gunse | goose | 鵞 |
ractu | rabbit | 兎 |
ratcu | rat | 鼠 |
smacu | mouse | ? |
xanto | elephant | 象 |
xarju | pig “hog” | 豚 |
bakni | bovine “ox” | 牛 |
lanme | sheep “lanolin, lamb” | 羊 |
kanba | goat “kid, billy, baa” | ? |
mirli | deer | 鹿 |
kumte | camel | 駱 |
xirma | horse | 馬 |
xasli | donkey “ass” | 驢 |
cribe | bear | 熊 |
mlatu | cat | 猫 |
cinfo | lion | 獅 |
tirxu | tiger | 虎 |
gerku | dog | 犬 |
labno | wolf “lobo” | 狼 |
lorxu | fox | 狐 |
smani | monkey “simian” | 猿 |
remna | human | 人 |
Body parts
rango | organ | ? |
stedu | head | 頭 |
flira | face | 顔 |
mebri | brow | 額 |
kanla | eye “ocular” | 目 |
nazbi | nose “nasal” | 鼻 |
kerlo | ear “aural, earlobe” | 耳 |
moklu | mouth “oral” | 口 |
ctebi | lip “labial” | 唇 |
tance | tongue | 舌 |
xedja | jaw | 顎 |
denci | tooth “dental” | 歯 |
galxe | throat “gullet” | 喉 |
cnebo | neck | 首 |
janco | shoulder | 肩 |
birka | arm | 腕 |
tuple | leg | 脚 |
xance | hand | 手 |
jamfu | foot | 足 |
cidni | knee | 膝 |
degji | finger “digit” | 指 |
tamji | thumb | ? |
cinza | tongs | ? |
nalci | wing | 翼 |
cutne | chest | ? |
tatru | breast “teat” | 胸 |
betfu | abdomen “belly” | 腹 |
plibu | pubic | ? |
pinji | penis | ? |
vlagi | vulva | ? |
zargu | buttock “arse” | 尻 |
ganxo | arsehole” | 肛 |
rebla | tail | 尾 |
Skin derivatives
kerfa | hair | 髪 |
sunla | wool | 毛 |
pimlu | feather “plume” | 羽 |
jgalu | claw “talon” | 爪 |
sufti | hoof | 蹄 |
jirna | horn | 角 |
Internal organs
ciblu | blood | 血 |
bongu | bone | 骨 |
sluji | muscle | 筋 |
nirna | nerve | ? |
cigla | gland | 腺 |
besna | brain | 脳 |
risna | heart “cardiac” | 心 |
fepri | lung “pulmonary” | 肺 |
canti | gut “entrails” | 臓 |
livga | liver | 肝 |
vibna | vagina | 膣 |
gutra | womb “uterus” | 胎 |
ganti | testicle “testes” | 睾 |
Physiology
vasxu | breathe “vascular” | ? |
kafke | cough | 咳 |
senci | sneeze | 嚏 |
xasne | sweat | 汗 |
Digestion
citka | eat | 食 |
pinxe | drink | 飲 |
cidja | food “feed” | ? |
vindu | poison “venom” | 毒 |
vikmi | excrete | ? |
kalci | feces “shit” | 糞 |
pinca | urine “piss” | 尿 |
vamtu | vomit | 吐 |
Reproduction
cinse | sexual | 性 |
fetsi | female “fem-” | 雌 |
nakni | male “masculine” | 雄 |
rorci | procreate | ? |
gletu | copulate “coitus” | ? |
sovda | egg “ovum” | 卵 |
tarbi | embryo | 胚 |
cifnu | infant | 幼 |
verba | child | 子 |
jbena | born “bear” | 産 |
Health/Decease
kanro | healthy | 健 |
bilma | ill | 病 |
jinku | vaccine | ? |
kenra | cancer | 癌 |
spita | hospital | ? |
Behaviour
frati | react | ? |
bacru | utter | 鳴 |
krixa | cry out | 叫 |
cikna | awake | ? |
sipna | sleep | 寝 |
kalte | hunt | 狩 |
kelci | play | 遊 |
tcaci | custom “habit” | 慣 |
xabju | dwell “inhabit” | 住 |
zdani | nest “den” | 家 |
Perception
ganse | sense | 感 |
tunta | poke “stab” | 突 |
zgana | observe | 観 |
carmi | intense | 厳 |
kandi | dim | 曇 |
savru | noise “clamor” | 響 |
kukte | delicious “cooked, tasty” | ? |
cpina | pungent | 辛 |
Hearing
sance | sound | 音 |
tirna | hear | 聞 |
cladu | loud | ? |
smaji | quiet “silent” | 静 |
siclu | whistle | ? |
tonga | tone | ? |
voksa | voice | 声 |
Vision
gusni | illumine “light” | 照 |
viska | see “vision” | 見 |
catlu | look | 調 |
jvinu | view | 景 |
manku | dark | 闇 |
ctino | shadow “shade” | 影 |
skari | color | 色 |
xekri | black | 黒 |
blabi | white | 白 |
grusi | gray | 灰 |
xunre | red | 赤 |
pelxu | yellow | 黄 |
crino | green | 緑 |
blanu | blue | 青 |
bunre | brown | ? |
cicna | cyan | 藍 |
narju | orange | 橙 |
nukni | magenta “fuchsin” | ? |
zirpu | purple | 紫 |
Odor
panci | odor “fragrance” | 香 |
sumne | smell | 臭 |
Taste
vrusi | taste “flavor” | 味 |
titla | sweet | 甘 |
kurki | bitter “acrid” | 苦 |
slari | sour | ? |
Others
cortu | pain “hurt” | 痛 |
xagji | hunger | 飢 |
taske | thirst | 渇 |
tatpi | tired | 眠 |
Psychology
Emotions, Affects
cinmo | emotion | 情 |
badri | sad | 悲 |
ckeji | ashamed | 恥 |
jgira | pride | 誇 |
kecti | pity | 哀 |
kufra | comfort | 安 |
manci | wonder | 奇 |
prami | love | 愛 |
steba | frustration | ? |
zungi | guilt | ? |
cinri | interesting “interests” | ? |
burna | embarrassed | ? |
cumla | humble “humility” | 謙 |
kucli | curious | ? |
xebni | hate | 嫌 |
xalni | panic | ? |
xanka | nervous “anxious” | ? |
dunku | anguish | ? |
dirba | dear | ? |
gleki | happy “gay” | 嬉 |
jilra | jealous | 妬 |
junri | serious | ? |
klaku | weep | 泣 |
terpa | fear “terror” | 恐 |
xenru | regret “rue” | 悔 |
fengu | angry | 怒 |
pluka | pleasant | 快 |
raktu | trouble | ? |
spaji | surprise | 驚 |
jenca | shock | ? |
zdile | amusing “amused” | 戯 |
rigni | disgusting “repugnant” | ? |
xajmi | funny “comic” | ? |
betri | tragedy “tragic” | ? |
fanza | annoy | 煩 |
Attitude
zanru | approve | ? |
xalbo | levity “frivolous” | ? |
vajni | important “significant” | ? |
trina | attract | ? |
talsa | challenge | 挑 |
surla | relax | 寛 |
senva | dream “reverie” | 夢 |
ranxi | irony | ? |
pendo | friend | 友 |
pacna | hope | 望 |
nelci | fond “likes” | 好 |
jundi | attentive “attend” | ? |
kurji | take care of “care” | 構 |
djica | desire | 欲 |
dapma | curse “damn” | 呪 |
ckire | grateful | 忝 |
ckasu | ridicule “scoff” | 嘲 |
cfipu | confusing | ? |
cizra | strange “bizarre” | 変 |
cmila | laugh “smile” | 笑 |
Evaluation
xrani | injure “hurt” | 害 |
zabna | favorable | 善 |
xarnu | stubborn | 頑 |
xendo | kind | 懇 |
xamgu | good | 良 |
xlali | bad “mal-” | 悪 |
vifne | fresh | 爽 |
virnu | brave “valiant, virtue” | 勇 |
stati | talent | 才 |
stace | honest | 誠 |
snura | secure | ? |
sinma | esteem | 貴 |
prane | perfect | 完 |
mulno | complete | 全 |
misno | famous | ? |
melbi | beautiful | 美 |
mabla | derogative | 蔑 |
lazni | lazy | ? |
kusru | cruel | 酷 |
jursa | severe “harsh” | ? |
vlile | violent | 激 |
juxre | clumsy “awkward” | 拙 |
funca | luck “fortune” | 運 |
fenki | crazy “frenzy” | 狂 |
drani | correct “right” | 正 |
fange | alien “foreign” | ? |
darsi | audacity “dare” | 僭 |
curve | pure | 純 |
cnino | new | 新 |
slabu | old | 古 |
clite | polite | 寧 |
ckape | peril | 禍 |
bandu | defend | 防 |
marbi | shelter “harbor” | 泊 |
banli | great “grand” | 偉 |
basna | emphasize “accent” | ? |
racli | sane “rational” | ? |
prije | wise “sage” | 賢 |
bebna | foolish “boob” | 愚 |
bilga | obliged | ? |
zifre | free | ? |
marde | morals | ? |
palci | evil | 邪 |
vrude | virtue | 徳 |
certu | expert | ? |
cfila | flaw | 瑕 |
name="tth_sEc11" Socium
jikca | socialize “social” | ? |
sivni | private | 私 |
Family
lanzu | family “clan” | 族 |
speni | married “spouse” | 婚 |
ninmu | woman “women” | 女 |
nanmu | man | 男 |
dzena | elder | 祖 |
rirni | parent “rear” | 親 |
mamta | mother “mom” | 母 |
patfu | father “pop, padre” | 父 |
nanla | boy “lad” | ? |
nixli | girl | ? |
bersa | son | 息 |
tixnu | daughter | 娘 |
bruna | brother | 兄 |
mensi | sister | 姉 |
tunba | sibling | ? |
famti | aunt or uncle | 伯 |
tamne | cousin | ? |
Social Institutions
ritli | rite | 式 |
salci | celebrate | 祝 |
nobli | noble | 尊 |
mikce | doctor “medic” | 医 |
zajba | gymnast | ? |
vitke | guest “visit” | 客 |
xotli | hotel | ? |
Governement
turni | govern | 治 |
kamni | committee | 委 |
catni | authority | 権 |
vipsi | deputy “vice” | 副 |
jecta | polity “state” | ? |
jansu | diplomat “consul” | ? |
jaspu | passport | 券 |
pikta | ticket | 票 |
Law
flalu | law | 法 |
pajni | judge | 判 |
zekri | crime | 罪 |
pulji | police | 警 |
pinfu | prisoner “captive” | 囚 |
War
gunta | attack | 襲 |
jamna | war | 戦 |
bilni | military | 武 |
jenmi | army | 軍 |
sonci | soldier | 侍 |
Economics
Property
gubni | public | 公 |
ponse | possess | 持 |
cpacu | get “acquire” | 得 |
cirko | lose | 失 |
jbera | borrow | 借 |
dunda | give “donate” | ? |
lebna | take | ? |
pindi | poor “indigent” | 貧 |
ricfu | rich | 富 |
dejni | owe “debt-or” | 負 |
cerda | heir | 嗣 |
Money
jdini | money “dinero” | ? |
sicni | coin “specie” | ? |
rupnu | dollar “ruble” | 円 |
fepni | cent “penny” | 銭 |
banxa | bank | ? |
zivle | invest | ? |
Trade
canja | exchange | ? |
vamji | value | 価 |
jdima | price | 値 |
vecnu | sell “vend” | 売 |
kargu | costly | ? |
janta | account | ? |
cnemu | reward | 賞 |
Business
kagni | company | 社 |
cteki | tax | 税 |
zarci | market “mart” | 市 |
jibri | job | 職 |
jerna | earn | 稼 |
briju | office “bureau” | 局 |
binra | insure | ? |
gusta | restaurant | ? |
barja | bar | ? |
Human Culture
Nations, Cultures
kulnu | culture | ? |
natmi | nation | 民 |
Geography
tutra | territory | 領 |
gugde | country | 国 |
jarbu | suburb | ? |
tcadu | city “town” | 町 |
nurma | rural | 野 |
panka | park | 園 |
bemro | North American | ? |
dzipo | Antarctican | ? |
friko | African | ? |
ketco | South American “Quechua” | ? |
xazdo | Asiatic | 亜 |
ropno | European | 欧 |
Multi-ethnic cultures
glico | English | ? |
softo | Soviet | 蘇 |
xispo | Hispanic | ? |
xrabo | Arabic | ? |
baxso | Malay-Indonesian “Bahasa” | ? |
polno | Polynesian | ? |
semto | Semitic | ? |
spano | Spanish | ? |
srito | Sanskrit | ? |
latmo | Latin | ? |
lojbo | Lojbanic | ? |
Nationalities
brito | British | 英 |
filso | Palestinian “Philistine” | ? |
gento | Argentinian | ? |
jerxo | Algerian | ? |
jordo | Jordanian | ? |
kadno | Canadian | ? |
libjo | Libyan | ? |
lubno | Lebanese | ? |
merko | American | ? |
mexno | Mexican | ? |
misro | Egyptian “Mizraim” | ? |
morko | Moroccan | ? |
rakso | Iraqi | ? |
sadjo | Saudi | ? |
sirxo | Syrian | ? |
sralo | Australian | 濠 |
bengo | Bengali | ? |
bindo | Indonesian | ? |
brazo | Brazilian | ? |
dotco | German “Deutsch” | ? |
fraso | French “France” | ? |
jungo | Chinese | 華 |
kisto | Pakistani | ? |
meljo | Malaysian | ? |
ponjo | Japanese “Nippon” | ? |
porto | Portuguese | ? |
rusko | Russian | ? |
skoto | Scottish | ? |
slovo | Slavic | ? |
vukro | Ukrainian | ? |
xebro | Hebrew | ? |
xelso | Greek “Hellas” | ? |
xindo | Hindi | ? |
xurdo | Urdu | ? |
Religion
lijda | religion | 宗 |
cevni | god “divinity” | 神 |
censa | holy “sacred” | 聖 |
makfa | magic | 魔 |
malsi | temple | 寺 |
crida | fairy | 仙 |
ranmi | myth | ? |
Particular religions
budjo | Buddhist | 仏 |
dadjo | Taoist | ? |
jegvo | Jehovist | ? |
muslo | Islamic | ? |
xriso | Christian | ? |
Art
larcu | art | 芸 |
muzga | museum | ? |
cfika | fiction | ? |
pemci | poem | 詩 |
prosa | prose | ? |
pixra | picture | 絵 |
draci | drama | 劇 |
tigni | perform | 演 |
skina | cinema | ? |
zgike | music | 楽 |
sanga | sing | 歌 |
dansu | dance | 舞 |
damri | drum | 鼓 |
flani | flute | 笛 |
jgita | guitar “guitar” | 琴 |
pipno | piano | ? |
tabra | trumpet “brass” | 喇 |
xagri | reed | 葦 |
Technology
Technological processes
fenso | sew | 縫 |
jivbu | weave | 織 |
nivji | knit | 編 |
lasna | fasten “lash” | 繋 |
gundi | industry | 業 |
fanri | factory “foundry” | ? |
cange | farm “grange, agrarian” | 農 |
purdi | garden | 庭 |
crepu | harvest “reap” | 穫 |
sombo | sow | 蒔 |
spofu | broken | ? |
cikre | repair “fix” | 繕 |
gunka | work | 働 |
cupra | produce | 作 |
finti | invent | ? |
zbasu | make | 造 |
fukpi | copy | ? |
jadni | adorn | 飾 |
jukpa | cook | 煮 |
macnu | manual | ? |
zmiku | automatic | ? |
lumci | wash | 洗 |
molki | mill | ? |
pilno | use “employ” | 使 |
sazri | operate | ? |
sorcu | store | 庫 |
Artificial substances
zbabu | soap | 鹸 |
jalna | starch | ? |
Materials
blaci | glass | 硝 |
staku | ceramic | 陶 |
gasta | steel | 鋼 |
lastu | brass | ? |
ransu | bronze | ? |
ckabu | rubber | ? |
slasi | plastic | ? |
bukpu | cloth | 布 |
mapni | cotton | 綿 |
matli | linen | ? |
silka | silk | 絹 |
korka | cork | ? |
mudri | wood “lumber” | 材 |
skapi | pelt “skin” | 皮 |
cinta | paint | 塗 |
Beverages
xalka | alcohol | 酒 |
jikru | liquor | 酎 |
vanju | wine | ? |
birje | beer | ? |
jisra | juice | 汁 |
sodva | soda | ? |
ckafi | coffee | 珈 |
tcati | tea | 茶 |
Foods
sanmi | meal | 餐 |
rectu | meat “flesh” | 肉 |
grasu | grease | 脂 |
ladru | milk “lactic” | 乳 |
kruji | cream | ? |
matne | butter | 酪 |
cirla | cheese | ? |
sakta | sugar “sucrose” | 糖 |
cakla | chocolate | ? |
nanba | bread | ? |
salta | salad | ? |
sanso | sauce | ? |
stasu | soup “stew” | ? |
tsapi | seasoning | ? |
sigja | cigar | ? |
Artifacts
rutni | artifact | ? |
Tools, Devices
tutci | tool | 具 |
mruli | hammer | 槌 |
dinko | nail | 釘 |
pijne | pin | ? |
burcu | brush | ? |
balre | blade | 刃 |
canpa | shovel | 鋤 |
dakfu | knife | 刀 |
jinci | shears | 鋏 |
klupe | screw | ? |
komcu | comb | 櫛 |
pinsi | pencil | ? |
penbi | pen | 筆 |
xinmo | ink | 墨 |
pelji | paper “page” | 紙 |
smuci | spoon | 匙 |
forca | fork | 叉 |
sacki | match | ? |
janbe | bell | 鈴 |
lanci | flag “banner” | 旗 |
matci | mat | 畳 |
julne | net | 網 |
murta | curtain | 幕 |
Containers
dacru | drawer | ? |
baktu | bucket | 桶 |
botpi | bottle | 瓶 |
tanxe | box “trunk” | 箱 |
lante | can | 缶 |
dakli | sack | 袋 |
kabri | cup | 杯 |
lanka | basket | 籠 |
patxu | pot | 鍋 |
palne | tray “pan, platter” | 盆 |
palta | plate “platter” | 皿 |
tansi | pan | ? |
Machines, Apparatus
minji | machine | 機 |
cabra | apparatus | 械 |
matra | motor | ? |
livla | fuel | 薪 |
pambe | pump | ? |
toknu | oven | ? |
xarci | weapon “arms” | ? |
jbama | bomb | ? |
danti | projectile | 弾 |
Machine parts
greku | frame | 枠 |
tsina | stage | ? |
zbepi | pedestal “base” | 台 |
kamju | column | 柱 |
garna | rail “bar” | ? |
kajna | shelf “counter” | 棚 |
batke | button | 釦 |
xislu | wheel | 輪 |
jabre | brake | ? |
linsi | chain “links” | 鎖 |
pulni | pulley | ? |
skori | cord | 索 |
jendu | axle “spindle” | 軸 |
vraga | lever | 梃 |
Transport
dargu | road | 道 |
klaji | street “avenue” | 街 |
naxle | canal | ? |
vinji | airplane | ? |
skiji | ski | ? |
falnu | sail | 帆 |
carce | cart | ? |
cripu | bridge | 橋 |
jakne | rocket | ? |
tcana | station | 駅 |
marce | vehicle | ? |
sabnu | cabin | ? |
bloti | boat | 船 |
trene | train | ? |
karce | car | 車 |
House
ginka | camp | ? |
dinju | building | ? |
kumfa | room | 室 |
bitmu | wall | 壁 |
vorme | door | 戸 |
canko | window | 窓 |
balni | balcony | ? |
serti | stairs | 段 |
nilce | furniture | ? |
jubme | table | 机 |
stizu | chair “stool” | 椅 |
ckana | bed | ? |
sfofa | sofa | ? |
kicne | cushion | ? |
stela | lock | 錠 |
ckiku | key | 鍵 |
Dress
dasni | wear | 着 |
taxfu | garment | 衣 |
kosta | coat | ? |
pastu | robe “tunic” | ? |
skaci | skirt | 袴 |
creka | shirt | ? |
palku | pants | ? |
daski | 懐 | |
gluta | glove | ? |
cutci | shoe | 靴 |
smoka | sock | ? |
mapku | cap | 帽 |
santa | umbrella | 傘 |