BPFK Section: Non-logical Connectives: Difference between revisions

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== Approved gismu Alterations on jbovlaste ==
== Proposed definitions ==


See [[BPFK Section: gismu Issues|BPFK Section: gismu issues]] for details on why this page exists.


* Added "[http://www.lojban.org/jbovlaste/natlang/en/arm arm (weapon)]" to [http://www.lojban.org/jbovlaste/dict/x xarci]
===  jo'u (JOI) ===
* Added "[http://www.lojban.org/jbovlaste/natlang/en/h horizontal]" to [http://www.lojban.org/jbovlaste/dict/p pinta]


* Added a note to "kampu" about it being universal.  Added several keywords.
==== Definition ====
* Changed krici to say "regardless of evidence/proof" instead of "without evidence/proof".  Added believer to place 1, belief to place2 and faith as a gloss.


* barda: Added "large".
And. Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referents of the resulting sumti are the referents of both sumti considered jointly.
* bacru: Added "speak; phonate".


* bende: Added "team; crew", "band; team", "club; association", "association; organization".
==== Keywords ====
* bevri: Added "bring; transport".


* cabna: Added "present; pertaining to the current time", "concurrent; simultaneous".
* And
* canja: Added "trade; give in exchange for".


* cfari: Added "happen; occur".
==== Examples ====
* cusku: Added "mention".


* danre: Added "press; apply pressure".
;.i mi jo'u la .clsn. cu ciksi tu'a lo cmavo be zo coi:''Me and Shoulson are explaining about the cmavo of selma'o COI.''
* fanta: Added "block; prevent from happening".


* fatci: Added "actual; factual, not just apparent or even false".
;lo za'e tridu cu mixre lo tricu jo'u lo tcidu:''A 'treeder' is a mixture of a tree and a reader.''
* frati: Added "treat; handle, deal with or behave towards in a specific way".


* ganzu: Added "arrange; organize".
{BOX}
* gidva: Added "conduct; guide".


* jaspu: Added "account; registry to a service", "permit; artifact or document rendering something allowed or legal".
* javni: Added "term; regulation".


* jdari: Added "hard; resistant to pressure".
===  ju'e (JOI) ===
* jdima: Added "cost; amount of money".


* jersi: Added "follow; go/come after in physical space".
==== Definition ====
* jgari: Added "hold; grasp".


* jicmu: Added "basic; foundational".
Vague connective. Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referent of the resulting sumti is some function of the referents of both sumti.
* jikca: Added "social; being extroverted/outgoing".


* jinzi: Added "proper; intrinsic".
==== Keywords ====
* julne: Added "block; prevent from passing".


* jundi: Added "follow; keep track of some event/person", "mind; pay attention to".
*Vague connective
* karni: Added "press; media".


* kensa: Added "space; area beyond atmosphere of planets".
==== Examples ====
* klani: Added "level; degree or amount".


* klesi: Added "type; class".
;mi'a casnu zo jetnu ju'e zo fatci ju'e lo si'o jetnu ku ju'e lo si'o fatci:''We are discussing about "truth"/"fact"/truth/fact.'' (IRC, Eimi, 22 Dec 2008 07:40:19)
* klina: Added "direct; straight/constant without interruption"


* krasi: Added "origin; source".
:.i ji'a co'e lo plise ju'e lo perli ju'e lo drata:''Also an apple and a pear.'' (IRC, xalbo, 5 Oct 2010 12:50:22)
* kuspe: Added "reach; touch by virtue of extent".


* lamji: Added "immediate; adjacent".
{BOX}
* mapti: Added "proper; fit".


* mebri: Added "forehead"
* merko: Added "U.S." as sense for "American"; added "U.S." and "USA".


* midju: Added "center; middle".
===  fa'u (JOI) ===
* muslo: Added Muslim, Moslem, Koranic, Quranic.


* nandu: Added "hard; difficult".
==== Definition ====
* nanvi: Added "nano".


* pinka: Added "remark; comment".
Respectively. Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referents of the resulting sumti are the referents of both sumti considered jointly and distributively in correspondence with another term.
* platu: Added "measure; tactic/strategy".


* ralte: Added "hold; have and keep possession of", "keep; maintain possession of".
==== Keywords ====
* rirci: Added "rirci; distinguished by a unique/unusual quality".


* sepli: Added "spaced; be separated to a distance".
*Respectively
* sinma: Added "respect; have respect for".


* sinxa: Added "represent; serve as a sign or symbol of".
==== Examples ====
* sisti: Added "halt; cause something to stop", "stop; cause something to halt".


* sombo: Added "plant; place in soil".
;mi fa'u do klama lo zdani fa'u lo zarci:''Me and you go home and to the market, respectively.''
* sorcu: Added "hold; store", "stock; supply".


* steci: Added "special; of particular interest/value", "particular; specific".
;li pano fa'u li cinono cu jdima lo nu klama fu lo girzu karce fa'u lo vinji:''Ten and three-hundred are the prices of going by bus and by plane, respectively.''
* sumji: Added "total; sum".


* tcidu: "document" for the x3, "text;readable" for the x2, and "reader;agentive" for the x1
{BOX}
* tcini: Added "condition; particular state of being".


* traji: Added "best; superlative", "least; superlative".
* vasru: Added "include; enclose".


* vitke: Added "attend; be at an event".
=== joi (JOI) ===
* vrude: Added "virtuous", 'Virtue is "ka vrude"'.


* xaksu: Added "spend; consume", "consume; use up".
==== Definition ====
* xamgu: Added "fine; satisfactory".


* xanka: Added "worry; be anxious about".
Non-distributive group. Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referents of the resulting sumti are the referents of both sumti considered jointly and non-distributively.
* xusra: Added "claim; state a fact".


* zbasu: Added "buid;form by combining materials"
==== Keywords ====
* zetro: Added "zetta".  Duh.


* zvati: Atemporal; location equivalent of {cabna}.
* Both
* Together with
 
* And
 
==== Example ====
 
;mi joi ry. ze'a casnu lo lijda ctuca tadji:''Me and R have been discussing religious teaching methods.''
 
;la .djan. joi la .pitr. cu re mei:''John and Peter are two.''
 
;la jegvon cu cevni le xriso joi le xebro joi le muslo:''Jehovah is the god of the Christians, the Jews and the Muslims.''
 
{BOX}
 
 
=== ce (JOI) ===
 
==== Definition ====
 
Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referent of the resulting sumti is the set whose members are the referents of both sumti considered jointly.
 
==== Keywords ====
 
* And (set)
 
==== Examples ====
 
;.abu ce by ce cy vasru .abu ce by:''{a, b, c} ⊇ {a, b}''
 
{BOX}
 
 
=== ce'o (JOI) ===
 
==== Definition ====
 
Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referent of the resulting sumti is the sequence whose members are the referents of both sumti considered jointly.
 
==== Keywords ====
 
* And (sequence)
 
==== Examples ====
 
;jukpa ce'o citka lo cersai co'o ru'e:''Making and eating breakfast, bye for now.''
 
;.abu ce'o by cu mleca cy ce'u dy .ijo ge .abu mleca cy gi by mleca dy:''(a,b) ≤ (c,d) if and only if a ≤ c and b ≤ d''
 
{BOX}
 
 
=== jo'e (JOI) ===
 
==== Definition ====
 
Union of sets. Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referent of the resulting sumti is the set which is the union of the sets referred to by each sumti.
 
==== Keywords ====
 
* Union
 
==== Examples ====
 
;lo'i brivla cu du lo'i gismu jo'e lo'i fu'ivla jo'e lo'i lujvo to po'o xu toi:''The set of brivla is equal to the union of the set of gismu and the set of fu'ivla and the set of lujvo (only?).''
 
{BOX}
 
 
=== ku'a (JOI) ===
 
==== Definition ====
 
Intersection of sets. Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referent of the resulting sumti is the set which is the intersection of the sets referred to by each sumti.
 
==== Keywords ====
 
*Intersection
 
==== Examples ====
 
;xy cmima .abu ku'a by .ijo ge xy cmima .abu gi xy cmima by:''x ∈ A ∩ B if and only if x ∈ A and x ∈ B.''
 
{BOX}
 
 
=== pi'u (JOI) ===
 
==== Definition ====
 
Cross product of sets. Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referent of the resulting sumti is the set which is the cross product of the sets referred to by each sumti.
 
==== Keywords ====
 
* Set Product
* Cartesian Product
 
==== Examples ====
 
;le'i bebna ku pi'u le'i mabla sidbo ku cu barda:''The cross product of the set of silly things and the set of bad ideas is large.''
 
{BOX}
 
=== Formal definitions ===
 
||
 
''sumti1'' JOI ''sumti2''
 
ge ''sumti1'' gi ''sumti2'' me ''sumti1'' jo'u ''sumti2''
 
''sumti1'' ju'e ''sumti2'' | lo co'e be ''sumti1'' bei ''sumti2''
 
''sumti1'' jo'u ''sumti2'' | lo sumji be ''sumti1'' bei ''sumti2''
 
''sumti1'' jo'e ''sumti2'' | lo jomsumji be ''sumti1'' bei ''sumti2''
 
''sumti1'' ku'a ''sumti2'' | lo kuzyterkruca be ''sumti1'' bei ''sumti2''
 
''sumti1'' pi'u ''sumti2'' | lo pivypilji be ''sumti1'' bei ''sumti2''
 
''sumti1'' jo'u ''sumti2'' | lu'a ''sumti1'' jo'u ''sumti2''
 
''sumti1'' joi ''sumti2'' | lu'o ''sumti1'' jo'u ''sumti2''
 
''sumti1'' ce ''sumti2'' | lu'i ''sumti1'' jo'u ''sumti2''
 
''sumti1'' ce'o ''sumti2'' | vu'i ''sumti1'' jo'u ''sumti2''
 
''sumti1'' fa'u ''sumti2'' ''sumti3'' fa'u ''sumti4'' ''selbri''
 
== ''sumti1'' ''sumti3'' ''selbri'' .i ''sumti2'' ''sumti4'' ''selbri''
 
||
 
=== Notes ===
 
# The definitions given correspond to their use as sumti connectives. Other uses (when they make sense) have yet to be added.

Revision as of 16:45, 4 November 2013

Proposed definitions

jo'u (JOI)

Definition

And. Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referents of the resulting sumti are the referents of both sumti considered jointly.

Keywords

  • And

Examples

.i mi jo'u la .clsn. cu ciksi tu'a lo cmavo be zo coi
Me and Shoulson are explaining about the cmavo of selma'o COI.
lo za'e tridu cu mixre lo tricu jo'u lo tcidu
A 'treeder' is a mixture of a tree and a reader.

{BOX}


ju'e (JOI)

Definition

Vague connective. Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referent of the resulting sumti is some function of the referents of both sumti.

Keywords

  • Vague connective

Examples

mi'a casnu zo jetnu ju'e zo fatci ju'e lo si'o jetnu ku ju'e lo si'o fatci
We are discussing about "truth"/"fact"/truth/fact. (IRC, Eimi, 22 Dec 2008 07:40:19)
.i ji'a co'e lo plise ju'e lo perli ju'e lo drata:Also an apple and a pear. (IRC, xalbo, 5 Oct 2010 12:50:22)

{BOX}


fa'u (JOI)

Definition

Respectively. Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referents of the resulting sumti are the referents of both sumti considered jointly and distributively in correspondence with another term.

Keywords

  • Respectively

Examples

mi fa'u do klama lo zdani fa'u lo zarci
Me and you go home and to the market, respectively.
li pano fa'u li cinono cu jdima lo nu klama fu lo girzu karce fa'u lo vinji
Ten and three-hundred are the prices of going by bus and by plane, respectively.

{BOX}


joi (JOI)

Definition

Non-distributive group. Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referents of the resulting sumti are the referents of both sumti considered jointly and non-distributively.

Keywords

  • Both
  • Together with
  • And

Example

mi joi ry. ze'a casnu lo lijda ctuca tadji
Me and R have been discussing religious teaching methods.
la .djan. joi la .pitr. cu re mei
John and Peter are two.
la jegvon cu cevni le xriso joi le xebro joi le muslo
Jehovah is the god of the Christians, the Jews and the Muslims.

{BOX}


ce (JOI)

Definition

Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referent of the resulting sumti is the set whose members are the referents of both sumti considered jointly.

Keywords

  • And (set)

Examples

.abu ce by ce cy vasru .abu ce by
{a, b, c} ⊇ {a, b}

{BOX}


ce'o (JOI)

Definition

Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referent of the resulting sumti is the sequence whose members are the referents of both sumti considered jointly.

Keywords

  • And (sequence)

Examples

jukpa ce'o citka lo cersai co'o ru'e
Making and eating breakfast, bye for now.
.abu ce'o by cu mleca cy ce'u dy .ijo ge .abu mleca cy gi by mleca dy
(a,b) ≤ (c,d) if and only if a ≤ c and b ≤ d

{BOX}


jo'e (JOI)

Definition

Union of sets. Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referent of the resulting sumti is the set which is the union of the sets referred to by each sumti.

Keywords

  • Union

Examples

lo'i brivla cu du lo'i gismu jo'e lo'i fu'ivla jo'e lo'i lujvo to po'o xu toi
The set of brivla is equal to the union of the set of gismu and the set of fu'ivla and the set of lujvo (only?).

{BOX}


ku'a (JOI)

Definition

Intersection of sets. Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referent of the resulting sumti is the set which is the intersection of the sets referred to by each sumti.

Keywords

  • Intersection

Examples

xy cmima .abu ku'a by .ijo ge xy cmima .abu gi xy cmima by
x ∈ A ∩ B if and only if x ∈ A and x ∈ B.

{BOX}


pi'u (JOI)

Definition

Cross product of sets. Joins two sumti into one sumti. The referent of the resulting sumti is the set which is the cross product of the sets referred to by each sumti.

Keywords

  • Set Product
  • Cartesian Product

Examples

le'i bebna ku pi'u le'i mabla sidbo ku cu barda
The cross product of the set of silly things and the set of bad ideas is large.

{BOX}

Formal definitions

||

sumti1 JOI sumti2

ge sumti1 gi sumti2 me sumti1 jo'u sumti2

sumti1 ju'e sumti2 | lo co'e be sumti1 bei sumti2

sumti1 jo'u sumti2 | lo sumji be sumti1 bei sumti2

sumti1 jo'e sumti2 | lo jomsumji be sumti1 bei sumti2

sumti1 ku'a sumti2 | lo kuzyterkruca be sumti1 bei sumti2

sumti1 pi'u sumti2 | lo pivypilji be sumti1 bei sumti2

sumti1 jo'u sumti2 | lu'a sumti1 jo'u sumti2

sumti1 joi sumti2 | lu'o sumti1 jo'u sumti2

sumti1 ce sumti2 | lu'i sumti1 jo'u sumti2

sumti1 ce'o sumti2 | vu'i sumti1 jo'u sumti2

sumti1 fa'u sumti2 sumti3 fa'u sumti4 selbri

== sumti1 sumti3 selbri .i sumti2 sumti4 selbri

||

Notes

  1. The definitions given correspond to their use as sumti connectives. Other uses (when they make sense) have yet to be added.