BPFK Section: Case sumtcita: Difference between revisions

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{{BPFK Section from tiki|BPFK Section: Case sumtcita|27}}
== Proposed Definitions And Examples ==


{so'i prenu} = "many people"
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{pi so'i prenu} = "a lot of a person"
=== Template ===
{so'i djacu} = "many amounts of water"
 
{pi so'i djacu} = "a lot of an amount of water"
;'''WORD''' (SELMAHO):  KEY Tags a sumti as fitting the NTH place of BRIVLA.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the BRIVLA place of NTH and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is LONGDESC the referent of the tagged sumti.  See also:
??? = "a lot of water, too much water"
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--[[User:And Rosta|And Rosta]]
 
----
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''lu'o so'i djacu'' or ''piso'i loi djacu'', they both have the same sense. --[[User:xorxes|xorxes]]
=== cmavo: si'u (BAI) ===
I may be missing something here, but neither of these seem right. If each amount of water is small then ''lu'o so'i djacu'' does not necessarily give you a lot of water: many waters do not necessarily amount to much water. And to me, ''pi so'i loi djacu'' implies a large proportion of the mass of all water, whereas "much water" means "a quantity that is large relative to the quantity that is normal". --[[User:And Rosta|And Rosta]]
 
I think they both mean "many amounts together". I don't think ''piso'i loi djacu'' is necessarily a large proportion of the mass of all water, because unlike ''so'a'' and ''so'e'', ''so'i'' doesn't refer to the total. Do many people make a lot of people? Only in that sense can we say that many waters make a lot of water. In any case it is subjective. Too much water would be ''pidu'e loi djacu'' or ''lu'o du'e djacu'', too many quantities of water together. All that ''djacu'' talks about is quantities of water, there is no way to describe those quantities with quantifiers, the only way of describing them is by modifying ''djacu'' with other brivla, as in ''lo djacu poi barda''. --[[User:xorxes|xorxes]]
==== Proposed Definition ====
#I agree that ''lu'o so'i'' means "many amounts together".
Aided by.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of sidju. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of sidju and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is aided or assisted in some way by the referent of the tagged sumti.
#''so'e'' doesn't mean "a large proportion of"; it means "most", which, to oversimplify, means "more than half of". At any rate, we do want to distinguish between "a large amount of" and "a large proportion of", and I still feel that ''pi so'i'' is a better candidate for the latter.
 
**I guess it makes sense to separate the two meanings.
==== See Also ====
#Many people do make a lot of people, because the unit for measuring quantity of people is the single person. But since the quantity that constitutes pa djacu is undefined, the single amount of water cannot be the unit for measuring quantity of water, so many amounts of water do not necessarily make a lot of water.
* {se si'u}
**Not in an absolute sense, but in the context of those quantities, I think they do.
* {te si'u}
**Okay, yes. In a context when we are measuring quantity be amounts of water, then yes, many amounts do equal much water. But basically I stand by what I said before.
* {sidju}
#I think ''pidu'e loi djacu'' means "too large a proportion of". I agree about the meaning of ''lu'o du'e djacu''.
 
**Ok.
==== Proposed Keywords ====
#You may be right that "a lot of water, much water" cannot adequately be rendered using quantifiers, but if this is the case it is important to know, because it is being suggested that ''PA [[jbocre: va'e|va'e]]'' and ''JAhA xi PA'' could be used to render "very" (etc. -- see [[jbocre: JAhA + CAI|JAhA + CAI]]), in which case the PA should be a word meaning "much". If there is no quantifier meaning "much", then none of those solutions are going to work.
* aided by
**If ''pirova'e'' means "totally", why can't the other fractions mean "very much", "a little", etc? --[[User:xorxes|xorxes]]
* assisted by
**Because: (i) "totally" '''is''' a proportion: ''pi ro'' = "the whole of", ''pi so'i'' = "a large proportion of". (ii) Applied to the scale of truth, I'd see ''pi PA'' as expressing points on the doubly-bounded scale of Sort-of between True and False. So ''pi so'i va'e'' would mean something like "pretty truish, sort-of but close to being outright true".
 
--[[User:And Rosta|And Rosta]]
==== Usage Examples ====
''.aicu'i ga nu mi tavla di'o la .ai,ar,si. gi nu mi dansyslugu'a si'u la .ritcrd .simyns.''<br>
It's either talking on IRC or dancersizing assisted by Richard Simmons.<br>
<br>
Artificial:
''mi bevri lo pipno si'u la .djan. joi la .frank.''<br>
I carry the piano, helped by John and Frank.
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=== cmavo: se si'u (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Assisting.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of sidju.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of sidju and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is involved in assisting or aiding (in doing or acheiving something) the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {si'u}
* {te si'u}
* {sidju}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* assisting
 
==== Usage Examples ====
''coi bancus mi pu za gunka tu'a la bais se si'u do''<br>
"Hey Bancus, in a bit I'll work on Bais to help you out."<br>
<br>
Artificial:
''mi bevri lo pipno se si'u la .djan.''<br>
I carry the piano to help John.
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=== cmavo: te si'u (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Assisting in. Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of sidju.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of sidju and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with assisting in or with doing or achieving the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {si'u}
* {se si'u}
* {sidju}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* assisting in
* assisting with
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
''mi bevri lo pipno te si'u lo nu la .djan. kakne lo nu rapyzu'e''
I carry the piano so John can practice.
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=== cmavo: va'u (BAI) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Benefiting from.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of xamgu.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of xamgu and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with an object or event which is good and is the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {xamgu}
* {se va'u}
* {te va'u}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* benefiting from
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''mi jerna lo jdini va'u lo nu lo kagni pikta be mi cu zenba lo vamji'': I earn money with the beneficial event of my stocks going up.
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=== cmavo: se va'u (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
With beneficiary.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of xamgu. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of xamgu and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is a beneficiary, someone or something that benefits from it, and that beneficiary is the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {xamgu}
* {va'u}
* {te va'u}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* with beneficiary
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
;''le mi patfu cu ca xusra le du'u ri joi le mi mamta cu te vecnu lo gerku se va'u le mi mensi'': My father says that he and my mother will buy a dog for my sister.
 
Artificial:
 
;''mi pu terve'u lo nanba se va'u do'': I bought the bread for your benefit.
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=== cmavo: te va'u (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Goodness standard.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of xamgu.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of xamgu and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is good or beneficial in some way according to a standard indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {xamgu}
* {va'u}
* {se va'u}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* goodness standard
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''mi dunda lo nanba do te va'u lo si'o lo nu sidju cu vrude'': I gave you bread, which is a good thing because helping is virtuous.
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=== cmavo: fi'e (BAI) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Created by.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of finti.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of finti and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the creation of something, and that the creator is the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {finti}
* {se fi'e}
* {te fi'e}
* {ve fi'e}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* created by
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
''mi pilno lo karce be fi'e la .ford.''
I use a car invented by Ford.
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=== cmavo: se fi'e (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Creating work.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of finti.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of finti and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the creation of the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {finti}
* {fi'e}
* {te fi'e}
* {ve fi'e}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* creating work
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''le tixnu cu cmila se fi'e lo lisri'': "The daughter's laughter is associated with a made-up story."
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=== cmavo: te fi'e (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Created for purpose.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of finti.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of finti and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with some event of creation, for a purpose indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {finti}
* {fi'e}
* {se fi'e}
* {ve fi'e}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* creation for purpose
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''la djan zbasu lo lisri lo se viska te fi'e lo nu le tixnu cu cmila'': John makes a story out of what they see, so that his daughter laughs.
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=== cmavo: ve fi'e (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Created from.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 4th place of finti.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 4th place of finti and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with an act of creation using pre-existing ideas or elements indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {finti}
* {fi'e}
* {se fi'e}
* {te fi'e}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* created from
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''mi ciska lo lisri be ve fi'e lo ranmi'': I write a story using mythological elements.
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=== cmavo: ci'o (BAI) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Emotionally felt by.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of cinmo.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of cinmo and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the emotions of the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {cinmo}
* {se ci'o}
* {te ci'o}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* emotion
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''ci'o ko'a mi pu tavla do'': He/She/It was emotionally affected by my talking to you.
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=== cmavo: se ci'o (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Emoting.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of cinmo.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of cinmo and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the emotion indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {cinmo}
* {ci'o}
* {te ci'o}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* emoting
* feeling
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
''la .alis. cadzu se ci'o lo ka gleki''
Alice is walking and there is a happy feeling.
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=== cmavo: te ci'o (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Emoting about.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of cinmo.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of cinmo and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with some feelings or emotions about the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {cinmo}
* {ci'o}
* {se ci'o}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* emoting about
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
''la .bab. cusku te ci'o la .alis.''
Bob spoke, with feelings for Alice.
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=== cmavo: ri'i (BAI) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Experienced by.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of lifri.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of lifri and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is experienced by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {lifri}
* {se ri'i}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* experienced by
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''le trene cu mutce sutra ri'i do'': The train is very fast, as you experienced.
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=== cmavo: se ri'i (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Experiencing.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of lifri.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of lifri and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with an experience indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {lifri}
* {ri'i}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* experiencing
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''mi gleki plipe se ri'i la'e di'u'': I jumped for joy when that happened.
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=== cmavo: ra'i (BAI) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
From source.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of krasi.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of krasi and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is from the source or origin or starting point indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {krasi}
* {se ra'i}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* from source
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
;''doi xod ra'i ma do smadi'': "Xod, on what basis did you guess [that]?"
 
Artificial:
 
;''mi finti lo lisri ra'i lo nu mi pensi lo ranmi'': I write a story, based on my thinking about myths.
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=== cmavo: se ra'i (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
As an origin of.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of krasi.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of krasi and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with an origin or starting point of the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {krasi}
* {ra'i}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* origin of
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
''mi vitke la .torontos. pe se ra'i la .maik.maiyrs.''
I visit Toronto, which Mike Myers is from.
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=== cmavo: ka'a (BAI) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Gone to by.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of klama.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of klama and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the going of the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {klama}
* {se ka'a}
* {te ka'a}
* {ve ka'a}
* {xe ka'a}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* gone to by
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''mi vitke lo dinju be ka'a le jibri jatna be mi'': "I visit the building associated with the going of my boss."
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=== cmavo: se ka'a (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
With destination. Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of klama.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of klama and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with a destination of going indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {klama}
* {ka'a}
* {te ka'a}
* {ve ka'a}
* {xe ka'a}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* with destination
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
''mi cliva se ka'a le zdani be mi .i mi ba xruti''
I'm leaving to go to my house; I'll be back later.
 
Artificial:
 
;''mi cadzu se ka'a le zarci'': I walk to the store.
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=== cmavo: te ka'a (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
With origin.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of klama.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of klama and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with an origin of going indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {klama}
* {ka'a}
* {se ka'a}
* {ve ka'a}
* {xe ka'a}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* with origin
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
May Be Artificial:
 
''la frank. bajra se ka'a je te ka'a le zdani''
Frank runs to and from the house.
 
Artificial:
 
;''mi cadzu te ka'a le zarci'': I walk from the store.
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=== cmavo: ve ka'a (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Via route.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 4th place of klama.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 4th place of klama and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with a route of going indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {klama}
* {ka'a}
* {se ka'a}
* {te ka'a}
* {xe ka'a}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* via route
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''mi cadzu ve ka'a le re moi dargu'': I walk via second street.
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=== cmavo: xe ka'a (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
By transportation mode.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 5th place of klama.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 5th place of klama and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with a transportation mode or method indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {klama}
* {ka'a}
* {se ka'a}
* {te ka'a}
* {ve ka'a}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* by transportation mode
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
''mi vitke la .kalifornias. xe ka'a lo trene''
I visit California on a train.
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=== cmavo: pu'a (BAI) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Pleased by.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of pluka.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of pluka and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with someone's being pleased by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {pluka}
* {se pu'a}
* {te pu'a}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* pleased by
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
''mi joi la .djen. casnu pu'a le nu ri cisma''
Jen and I discussed, and her smile was pleasant.
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=== cmavo: se pu'a (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Pleasant to.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of pluka.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of pluka and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with something that is pleasant to or pleases the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {pluka}
* {pu'a}
* {te pu'a}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* pleasant to
* in order to please
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''do tavla mi se pu'a mi'': You talk to me; I find something (presumably said talking) pleasant.
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=== cmavo: te pu'a (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Pleasing conditions.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of pluka.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of pluka and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with something being pleasant under condictions indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {pluka}
* {pu'a}
* {se pu'a}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* pleasing conditions
* conditions for pleasantness
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
''do sazri le karce .ui sai te pu'a lo nu mi bilma''
You operate the car [Happiness!] which is pleasant when I'm sick.
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=== cmavo: be'i (BAI) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Sent by.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of benji.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of benji and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with an act of sending or transferring initiated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {benji}
* {se be'i}
* {te be'i}
* {ve be'i}
* {xe be'i}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* sent by
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
;''ko cusku zo coi la noras be'i mi'': Say "hello" to Nora from me.
 
Artificial:
 
''mi nelci le se dunda be be'i la .kim.''
I like the present Kim sent.
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=== cmavo: se be'i (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Sending.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of benji.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of benji and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the transmission or sending of the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {benji}
* {be'i}
* {te be'i}
* {ve be'i}
* {xe be'i}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* sending
* transmitting
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''la djan ckire le bruna se be'i lo xatra'': John thanks his brother with a sent letter.
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=== cmavo: te be'i (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Sent to.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of benji.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of benji and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the transmission or sending of something to the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {benji}
* {be'i}
* {se be'i}
* {ve be'i}
* {xe be'i}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* sent to
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''ti tanxe te be'i le bruna'': This is a box sent-to the brother.
{{BPFK Section box close}}
 
{{BPFK Section box open}}
=== cmavo: ve be'i (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Transmission origin.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 4th place of benji.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 4th place of benji and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the transmission or sending of something from the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {benji}
* {be'i}
* {se be'i}
* {te be'i}
* {xe be'i}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* transmission origin
* transmit origin
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''la djan ckire le bruna ve be'i la paris'': John thanks his borther with-sent-from Paris.
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=== cmavo: xe be'i (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Transmitted via.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 5th place of benji.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 5th place of benji and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the transmission or sending of something using as a means or medium the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {benji}
* {be'i}
* {se be'i}
* {te be'i}
* {ve be'i}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* transmitted via
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
''ma se cusku la lojbab. xe be'i la jboskes.''
What did Lojbab say on jboske?
(jboske is a e-mail list)
 
Artificial:
 
''mi joi la .djan. casnu xe be'i lo skami''
John and I talk with transmission medium computer(s).
(this would more commonly be ve cu'u)
{{BPFK Section box close}}
 
{{BPFK Section box open}}
=== cmavo: pi'o (BAI) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Used by.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of pilno.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of pilno and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with something being used by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {pilno}
* {se pi'o}
* {te pi'o}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* used by
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
''mi klama fu le karce be pi'o la .deivid.''
I go by means of the car used by David.
{{BPFK Section box close}}
 
{{BPFK Section box open}}
=== cmavo: se pi'o (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Using tool.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of pilno.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of pilno and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the use of the tool indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {pilno}
* {pi'o}
* {te pi'o}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* using tool
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''mi cusku se pi'o lo skami'': I express using a computer.
{{BPFK Section box close}}
 
{{BPFK Section box open}}
=== cmavo: te pi'o (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Usage for purpose.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of pilno.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of pilno and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the use of a tool for a purpose indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {pilno}
* {pi'o}
* {se pi'o}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* usage for purpose
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
;''mi na djuno rau datni tepi'o le nu smadi'': I don't have enough information to guess.
 
Artificial:
 
;''mi ka'argau fi lo mudri te pi'o lo nu finti lo larcu dacti'': I cut wood (using a tool unspecified) for the purpose of creating an object of art.
{{BPFK Section box close}}
 
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=== cmavo: gau (BAI) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
With active agent.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of gasnu.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of gasnu and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is performed by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {gasnu}
* {se gau}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* agent
* with active agent
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''lo mlatu cu tarmi le mudri gau mi'': I caused the wood to be shaped like a cat.
{{BPFK Section box close}}
 
{{BPFK Section box open}}
=== cmavo: se gau (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
With agentive result.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of gasnu.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of gasnu and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with an agent's action resulting in the event indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {gasnu}
* {gau}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* with agentive result
* with agent in doing
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''mi pilno lo dakfu se gau lo nu mi ka'argau fi le degji be fi mi'': I use a knife, with the result that I cut my finger.
{{BPFK Section box close}}
 
{{BPFK Section box open}}
=== cmavo: zu'e (BAI) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
With actor.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of zukte.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of zukte and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is goalfully enacted by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {zukte}
* {se zu'e}
* {te zu'e}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* with actor
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''lo mlatu cu tarmi le mudri zu'e mi'': I caused, with some goal in mind, the wood to be shaped like a cat.
{{BPFK Section box close}}
 
{{BPFK Section box open}}
=== cmavo: se zu'e (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
Goalfully acting by doing.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of zukte.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of zukte and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with some entity goalfulling enacting the actions indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {zukte}
* {zu'e}
* {te zu'e}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* goalfully acting by doing
* goalfully acting at
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
Artificial:
 
;''lo tricu cu farlu se zu'e lo nu katna'': A tree fell, there having been cutting.
{{BPFK Section box close}}
 
{{BPFK Section box open}}
=== cmavo: te zu'e (BAI*) ===
 
==== Proposed Definition ====
With goal.  Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of zukte.  Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of zukte and then fills it with the tagged sumti.  In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with some entity pursuing the goal indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.
 
==== See Also ====
* {zukte}
* {zu'e}
* {se zu'e}
 
==== Proposed Keywords ====
* with goal
 
==== Usage Examples ====
 
;''ca ku mi cliva te zu'e le nu cpacu lo cidjrpitsa'': Now, I leave to get a pizza.
 
Artificial:
 
;''mi katna te zu'e lu no lo tricu cu farlu'': I cut to make the tree fall.
{{BPFK Section box close}}
 
== Notes ==
 
* Some of the examples suck.
 
* I marked artificial examples after the fact; I may be wrong.
 
== Impact ==
 
== Poll ==
 
{{BPFK Section poll| {POLL(pollId=>19)}{POLL} }}

Revision as of 22:43, 9 February 2015

This page is imported from version 27 of the page BPFK Section: Case sumtcita from the lojban Tiki.

Proposed Definitions And Examples

Template

WORD (SELMAHO)
KEY Tags a sumti as fitting the NTH place of BRIVLA. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the BRIVLA place of NTH and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is LONGDESC the referent of the tagged sumti. See also:


cmavo: si'u (BAI)

Proposed Definition

Aided by. Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of sidju. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of sidju and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is aided or assisted in some way by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {se si'u}
  • {te si'u}
  • {sidju}

Proposed Keywords

  • aided by
  • assisted by

Usage Examples

.aicu'i ga nu mi tavla di'o la .ai,ar,si. gi nu mi dansyslugu'a si'u la .ritcrd .simyns.
It's either talking on IRC or dancersizing assisted by Richard Simmons.

Artificial: mi bevri lo pipno si'u la .djan. joi la .frank.
I carry the piano, helped by John and Frank.


cmavo: se si'u (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Assisting. Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of sidju. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of sidju and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is involved in assisting or aiding (in doing or acheiving something) the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {si'u}
  • {te si'u}
  • {sidju}

Proposed Keywords

  • assisting

Usage Examples

coi bancus mi pu za gunka tu'a la bais se si'u do
"Hey Bancus, in a bit I'll work on Bais to help you out."

Artificial: mi bevri lo pipno se si'u la .djan.
I carry the piano to help John.


cmavo: te si'u (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Assisting in. Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of sidju. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of sidju and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with assisting in or with doing or achieving the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {si'u}
  • {se si'u}
  • {sidju}

Proposed Keywords

  • assisting in
  • assisting with

Usage Examples

Artificial:

mi bevri lo pipno te si'u lo nu la .djan. kakne lo nu rapyzu'e I carry the piano so John can practice.


cmavo: va'u (BAI)

Proposed Definition

Benefiting from. Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of xamgu. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of xamgu and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with an object or event which is good and is the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {xamgu}
  • {se va'u}
  • {te va'u}

Proposed Keywords

  • benefiting from

Usage Examples

Artificial:

mi jerna lo jdini va'u lo nu lo kagni pikta be mi cu zenba lo vamji
I earn money with the beneficial event of my stocks going up.


cmavo: se va'u (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

With beneficiary. Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of xamgu. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of xamgu and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is a beneficiary, someone or something that benefits from it, and that beneficiary is the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {xamgu}
  • {va'u}
  • {te va'u}

Proposed Keywords

  • with beneficiary

Usage Examples

le mi patfu cu ca xusra le du'u ri joi le mi mamta cu te vecnu lo gerku se va'u le mi mensi
My father says that he and my mother will buy a dog for my sister.

Artificial:

mi pu terve'u lo nanba se va'u do
I bought the bread for your benefit.


cmavo: te va'u (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Goodness standard. Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of xamgu. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of xamgu and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is good or beneficial in some way according to a standard indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {xamgu}
  • {va'u}
  • {se va'u}

Proposed Keywords

  • goodness standard

Usage Examples

Artificial:

mi dunda lo nanba do te va'u lo si'o lo nu sidju cu vrude
I gave you bread, which is a good thing because helping is virtuous.


cmavo: fi'e (BAI)

Proposed Definition

Created by. Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of finti. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of finti and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the creation of something, and that the creator is the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {finti}
  • {se fi'e}
  • {te fi'e}
  • {ve fi'e}

Proposed Keywords

  • created by

Usage Examples

Artificial:

mi pilno lo karce be fi'e la .ford. I use a car invented by Ford.


cmavo: se fi'e (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Creating work. Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of finti. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of finti and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the creation of the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {finti}
  • {fi'e}
  • {te fi'e}
  • {ve fi'e}

Proposed Keywords

  • creating work

Usage Examples

Artificial:

le tixnu cu cmila se fi'e lo lisri
"The daughter's laughter is associated with a made-up story."


cmavo: te fi'e (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Created for purpose. Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of finti. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of finti and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with some event of creation, for a purpose indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {finti}
  • {fi'e}
  • {se fi'e}
  • {ve fi'e}

Proposed Keywords

  • creation for purpose

Usage Examples

Artificial:

la djan zbasu lo lisri lo se viska te fi'e lo nu le tixnu cu cmila
John makes a story out of what they see, so that his daughter laughs.


cmavo: ve fi'e (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Created from. Tags a sumti as fitting the 4th place of finti. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 4th place of finti and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with an act of creation using pre-existing ideas or elements indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {finti}
  • {fi'e}
  • {se fi'e}
  • {te fi'e}

Proposed Keywords

  • created from

Usage Examples

Artificial:

mi ciska lo lisri be ve fi'e lo ranmi
I write a story using mythological elements.


cmavo: ci'o (BAI)

Proposed Definition

Emotionally felt by. Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of cinmo. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of cinmo and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the emotions of the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {cinmo}
  • {se ci'o}
  • {te ci'o}

Proposed Keywords

  • emotion

Usage Examples

Artificial:

ci'o ko'a mi pu tavla do
He/She/It was emotionally affected by my talking to you.


cmavo: se ci'o (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Emoting. Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of cinmo. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of cinmo and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the emotion indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {cinmo}
  • {ci'o}
  • {te ci'o}

Proposed Keywords

  • emoting
  • feeling

Usage Examples

Artificial:

la .alis. cadzu se ci'o lo ka gleki Alice is walking and there is a happy feeling.


cmavo: te ci'o (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Emoting about. Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of cinmo. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of cinmo and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with some feelings or emotions about the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {cinmo}
  • {ci'o}
  • {se ci'o}

Proposed Keywords

  • emoting about

Usage Examples

Artificial:

la .bab. cusku te ci'o la .alis. Bob spoke, with feelings for Alice.


cmavo: ri'i (BAI)

Proposed Definition

Experienced by. Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of lifri. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of lifri and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is experienced by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {lifri}
  • {se ri'i}

Proposed Keywords

  • experienced by

Usage Examples

Artificial:

le trene cu mutce sutra ri'i do
The train is very fast, as you experienced.


cmavo: se ri'i (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Experiencing. Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of lifri. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of lifri and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with an experience indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {lifri}
  • {ri'i}

Proposed Keywords

  • experiencing

Usage Examples

Artificial:

mi gleki plipe se ri'i la'e di'u
I jumped for joy when that happened.


cmavo: ra'i (BAI)

Proposed Definition

From source. Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of krasi. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of krasi and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is from the source or origin or starting point indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {krasi}
  • {se ra'i}

Proposed Keywords

  • from source

Usage Examples

doi xod ra'i ma do smadi
"Xod, on what basis did you guess [that]?"

Artificial:

mi finti lo lisri ra'i lo nu mi pensi lo ranmi
I write a story, based on my thinking about myths.


cmavo: se ra'i (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

As an origin of. Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of krasi. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of krasi and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with an origin or starting point of the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {krasi}
  • {ra'i}

Proposed Keywords

  • origin of

Usage Examples

Artificial:

mi vitke la .torontos. pe se ra'i la .maik.maiyrs. I visit Toronto, which Mike Myers is from.


cmavo: ka'a (BAI)

Proposed Definition

Gone to by. Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of klama. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of klama and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the going of the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {klama}
  • {se ka'a}
  • {te ka'a}
  • {ve ka'a}
  • {xe ka'a}

Proposed Keywords

  • gone to by

Usage Examples

Artificial:

mi vitke lo dinju be ka'a le jibri jatna be mi
"I visit the building associated with the going of my boss."


cmavo: se ka'a (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

With destination. Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of klama. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of klama and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with a destination of going indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {klama}
  • {ka'a}
  • {te ka'a}
  • {ve ka'a}
  • {xe ka'a}

Proposed Keywords

  • with destination

Usage Examples

mi cliva se ka'a le zdani be mi .i mi ba xruti I'm leaving to go to my house; I'll be back later.

Artificial:

mi cadzu se ka'a le zarci
I walk to the store.


cmavo: te ka'a (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

With origin. Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of klama. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of klama and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with an origin of going indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {klama}
  • {ka'a}
  • {se ka'a}
  • {ve ka'a}
  • {xe ka'a}

Proposed Keywords

  • with origin

Usage Examples

May Be Artificial:

la frank. bajra se ka'a je te ka'a le zdani Frank runs to and from the house.

Artificial:

mi cadzu te ka'a le zarci
I walk from the store.


cmavo: ve ka'a (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Via route. Tags a sumti as fitting the 4th place of klama. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 4th place of klama and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with a route of going indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {klama}
  • {ka'a}
  • {se ka'a}
  • {te ka'a}
  • {xe ka'a}

Proposed Keywords

  • via route

Usage Examples

Artificial:

mi cadzu ve ka'a le re moi dargu
I walk via second street.


cmavo: xe ka'a (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

By transportation mode. Tags a sumti as fitting the 5th place of klama. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 5th place of klama and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with a transportation mode or method indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {klama}
  • {ka'a}
  • {se ka'a}
  • {te ka'a}
  • {ve ka'a}

Proposed Keywords

  • by transportation mode

Usage Examples

Artificial:

mi vitke la .kalifornias. xe ka'a lo trene I visit California on a train.


cmavo: pu'a (BAI)

Proposed Definition

Pleased by. Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of pluka. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of pluka and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with someone's being pleased by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {pluka}
  • {se pu'a}
  • {te pu'a}

Proposed Keywords

  • pleased by

Usage Examples

Artificial:

mi joi la .djen. casnu pu'a le nu ri cisma Jen and I discussed, and her smile was pleasant.


cmavo: se pu'a (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Pleasant to. Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of pluka. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of pluka and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with something that is pleasant to or pleases the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {pluka}
  • {pu'a}
  • {te pu'a}

Proposed Keywords

  • pleasant to
  • in order to please

Usage Examples

Artificial:

do tavla mi se pu'a mi
You talk to me; I find something (presumably said talking) pleasant.


cmavo: te pu'a (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Pleasing conditions. Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of pluka. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of pluka and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with something being pleasant under condictions indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {pluka}
  • {pu'a}
  • {se pu'a}

Proposed Keywords

  • pleasing conditions
  • conditions for pleasantness

Usage Examples

Artificial:

do sazri le karce .ui sai te pu'a lo nu mi bilma You operate the car [Happiness!] which is pleasant when I'm sick.


cmavo: be'i (BAI)

Proposed Definition

Sent by. Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of benji. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of benji and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with an act of sending or transferring initiated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {benji}
  • {se be'i}
  • {te be'i}
  • {ve be'i}
  • {xe be'i}

Proposed Keywords

  • sent by

Usage Examples

ko cusku zo coi la noras be'i mi
Say "hello" to Nora from me.

Artificial:

mi nelci le se dunda be be'i la .kim. I like the present Kim sent.


cmavo: se be'i (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Sending. Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of benji. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of benji and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the transmission or sending of the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {benji}
  • {be'i}
  • {te be'i}
  • {ve be'i}
  • {xe be'i}

Proposed Keywords

  • sending
  • transmitting

Usage Examples

Artificial:

la djan ckire le bruna se be'i lo xatra
John thanks his brother with a sent letter.


cmavo: te be'i (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Sent to. Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of benji. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of benji and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the transmission or sending of something to the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {benji}
  • {be'i}
  • {se be'i}
  • {ve be'i}
  • {xe be'i}

Proposed Keywords

  • sent to

Usage Examples

Artificial:

ti tanxe te be'i le bruna
This is a box sent-to the brother.


cmavo: ve be'i (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Transmission origin. Tags a sumti as fitting the 4th place of benji. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 4th place of benji and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the transmission or sending of something from the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {benji}
  • {be'i}
  • {se be'i}
  • {te be'i}
  • {xe be'i}

Proposed Keywords

  • transmission origin
  • transmit origin

Usage Examples

Artificial:

la djan ckire le bruna ve be'i la paris
John thanks his borther with-sent-from Paris.


cmavo: xe be'i (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Transmitted via. Tags a sumti as fitting the 5th place of benji. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 5th place of benji and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the transmission or sending of something using as a means or medium the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {benji}
  • {be'i}
  • {se be'i}
  • {te be'i}
  • {ve be'i}

Proposed Keywords

  • transmitted via

Usage Examples

ma se cusku la lojbab. xe be'i la jboskes. What did Lojbab say on jboske? (jboske is a e-mail list)

Artificial:

mi joi la .djan. casnu xe be'i lo skami John and I talk with transmission medium computer(s). (this would more commonly be ve cu'u)


cmavo: pi'o (BAI)

Proposed Definition

Used by. Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of pilno. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of pilno and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with something being used by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {pilno}
  • {se pi'o}
  • {te pi'o}

Proposed Keywords

  • used by

Usage Examples

Artificial:

mi klama fu le karce be pi'o la .deivid. I go by means of the car used by David.


cmavo: se pi'o (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Using tool. Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of pilno. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of pilno and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the use of the tool indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {pilno}
  • {pi'o}
  • {te pi'o}

Proposed Keywords

  • using tool

Usage Examples

Artificial:

mi cusku se pi'o lo skami
I express using a computer.


cmavo: te pi'o (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Usage for purpose. Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of pilno. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of pilno and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with the use of a tool for a purpose indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {pilno}
  • {pi'o}
  • {se pi'o}

Proposed Keywords

  • usage for purpose

Usage Examples

mi na djuno rau datni tepi'o le nu smadi
I don't have enough information to guess.

Artificial:

mi ka'argau fi lo mudri te pi'o lo nu finti lo larcu dacti
I cut wood (using a tool unspecified) for the purpose of creating an object of art.


cmavo: gau (BAI)

Proposed Definition

With active agent. Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of gasnu. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of gasnu and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is performed by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {gasnu}
  • {se gau}

Proposed Keywords

  • agent
  • with active agent

Usage Examples

Artificial:

lo mlatu cu tarmi le mudri gau mi
I caused the wood to be shaped like a cat.


cmavo: se gau (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

With agentive result. Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of gasnu. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of gasnu and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with an agent's action resulting in the event indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {gasnu}
  • {gau}

Proposed Keywords

  • with agentive result
  • with agent in doing

Usage Examples

Artificial:

mi pilno lo dakfu se gau lo nu mi ka'argau fi le degji be fi mi
I use a knife, with the result that I cut my finger.


cmavo: zu'e (BAI)

Proposed Definition

With actor. Tags a sumti as fitting the 1st place of zukte. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 1st place of zukte and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is goalfully enacted by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {zukte}
  • {se zu'e}
  • {te zu'e}

Proposed Keywords

  • with actor

Usage Examples

Artificial:

lo mlatu cu tarmi le mudri zu'e mi
I caused, with some goal in mind, the wood to be shaped like a cat.


cmavo: se zu'e (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

Goalfully acting by doing. Tags a sumti as fitting the 2nd place of zukte. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 2nd place of zukte and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with some entity goalfulling enacting the actions indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {zukte}
  • {zu'e}
  • {te zu'e}

Proposed Keywords

  • goalfully acting by doing
  • goalfully acting at

Usage Examples

Artificial:

lo tricu cu farlu se zu'e lo nu katna
A tree fell, there having been cutting.


cmavo: te zu'e (BAI*)

Proposed Definition

With goal. Tags a sumti as fitting the 3rd place of zukte. Augments the bridi in which it occurs, adding an extra, un-numbered place with the meaning of the 3rd place of zukte and then fills it with the tagged sumti. In other words, the event described by the bridi is associated with some entity pursuing the goal indicated by the referent of the tagged sumti.

See Also

  • {zukte}
  • {zu'e}
  • {se zu'e}

Proposed Keywords

  • with goal

Usage Examples

ca ku mi cliva te zu'e le nu cpacu lo cidjrpitsa
Now, I leave to get a pizza.

Artificial:

mi katna te zu'e lu no lo tricu cu farlu
I cut to make the tree fall.


Notes

  • Some of the examples suck.
  • I marked artificial examples after the fact; I may be wrong.

Impact

Poll

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